双系统模型视角下的罪犯自我控制

Self-control of criminals from a dual-systems model perspective

自我控制是个体为了达成具有长远利益的目标而有意识控制自身冲动行为的能力。双系统模型提出自我控制系统包含冲动系统与控制系统,该理论适用于分析罪犯低自我控制的内部结构。罪犯冲动系统中充满极易激活的犯罪相关行为图式,而控制系统却不足以生成抑制冲动行为的策略。未来可基于双系统模型,整合已有研究深入考察罪犯自我控制系统的内部运作机制,以及该模型在罪犯心理矫治中的实际应用,而犯罪易感青少年群体则需要特别关注。

Self-control refers to the ability of individuals to consciously control their impulsive behaviors in order to achieve long-term interests.The dual-systems model proposes that the self-control system includes an impulsive system and a reflective system,which can be used to analyze the internal structure of criminals’low self-control.The impulsive system in criminals is thought to predominantly use behavioral schemata related to crime,while their reflective system is too weak to suppress impulsive behaviors.With the impulsive system activated and the reflective system insufficiently activated,the criminals will likely fail to self-control and subsequently commit crime.To investigate the mechanism of the self-control system in criminals,more integration of the existing studies on the basis of the dual-systems model is needed.It is also necessary to explore the application of the dual-systems model in intervention and psychological correction for prisoners.In addition,juveniles who are susceptible to crime require special attention.