基于文献计量的国际有机农业生物多样性研究现状与热点分析

Research status and hotspot analysis of international organic agriculture biodiversity research based on bibliometrics

为探究有机农业生物多样性这一领域的研究现状、热点与态势,基于Web of Science数据库,利用文献计量分析方法,对1986—2019年有机农业生物多样性领域研究文献的发文量、研究力量的分布及合作、期刊分布、研究热点和主题等方面进行数据挖掘和可视化分析。研究表明:检索到的文献最早发表于1996年,2005年之前此领域处于初步发展期,2005年进入稳步增长期,文献数量总体呈逐年增多的趋势。研究主要集中在欧洲和北美发达国家,如德国、美国、英国和瑞典等;发文量最多的机构是法国国家农业研究所和瑞典农业科学大学;学者Tscharntke T发文量最多,近5年Batáry P发文量较多;刊文量最多的期刊是《Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment》《Journal of Applied Ecology》和《Sustainability》,刊文量前16的期刊中《Journal of Applied Ecology》影响因子最高(6.533)。德国和英国与其他国家合作交流频繁,瑞典农业科学大学和慕尼黑工业大学是机构合作网络的两个中心,Tscharntke T和Bommarco R等较多学者表现出紧密合作的学术形式。通过关键词共现分析发现,国际研究热点从仅关注种植模式对生物多样性影响的基础性研究,逐步拓展到不同尺度或景观复杂性对有机农业生物多样性和生态系统服务影响的应用型研究。我国研究起步较晚,发文量和篇均被引频次等与欧美国家还存在差距,但近5年发文量增长较快,具有良好的发展趋势。今后此领域仍将是全球有机农业研究和实践的热点方向,涉及多尺度、多学科交叉融合的基础性研究和地域性应用研究仍是未来研究的重点。

To explore the research status, hotspot, and trend in international organic agriculture biodiversity research, the literature regarding organic agriculture biodiversity research was retrieved from the Web of Science database and subjected to a systematic bibliometric assessment of annual publications, research strength and cooperation, journal distribution, and research topics using information visualization methods. The results showed that the first literature was retrieved in 1996, the field was in a period of preliminary development prior to 2005, entered a period of steady growth in 2005, and thereafter, the number of literature exhibited an upward trend.The studies were mainly conducted in developed countries of Europe and North America, such as Germany, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Sweden. The institutions with the most publications were the French National Institute of Agricultural Research(Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique,INRA)and the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. The author with a relatively larger total number of publications was Tscharntke T, and Batáry P had the greatest number of publications in the past five years. The most frequently listed journals were Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment and Journal of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, and the Journal of Applied Ecology had the highest impact factor(6.533)among the top 16 journals. In terms of cooperation between countries, institutions,and authors, Germany and the United Kingdom formed a close cooperation network with other countries. The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and the Technical University of Munich were two centers in the cooperation network of institutions. Tscharntke T and Bommarco R exhibited close academic cooperation with many other scholars. Co-occurrence keywords network visualization showed that the international research hotspot has gradually expanded from basic research focusing on the effect of planting patterns on biodiversity to applied research on the effect of different scales or landscape complexity on organic agricultural biodiversity and ecosystem services.Because of the later start of organic agriculture biodiversity research in China, there is a gap between scholars in China and those in European and American countries regarding the number of publications and average citations per article. However, the literature from China published in the recent five years has increased rapidly. It is expected that there will be a strong developmental trend in organic agriculture biodiversity research in the future. This field will continue to be the focus of global organic agriculture research and practice.Basic research and regional application research involving multi-scale and multi-disciplinary integration will remain the focus of future research.