小儿流行性感冒防控中流感疫苗接种的作用研究

The Role of Influenza Vaccination in the Prevention and Control of Pediatric Influenza

目的研究小儿流行性感冒防控中流感疫苗接种的作用。方法研究对象为2018年1月—2019年1月入院的200例接受常规体检的适龄儿童,根据是否接种流感疫苗划分为两个小组,一个小组为对照组,另一个小组为研究组,各100例,前组未接种流感疫苗,后组接种流感疫苗;比较两组6个月内流感发生率及发生次数,观察并记录研究组不良反应发生率。结果研究组6个月内流感发生率3.00%,发生次数3次,对比对照组6个月内流感发生率15.00%,发生次数15次,均明显更低,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.387、9.125,P<0.05)。研究组100例适龄儿童接种流感疫苗后,2例出现头痛,3例出现发热,1例出现瘙痒,均于3 d内自行缓解或消失。结论小儿流行性感冒防控中流感疫苗接种的作用显著,可有效减少小儿流行性感染发生率及次数,且不良反应少。

Objective To study the role of influenza vaccination in the prevention and control of pediatric influenza.Methods The study subjects were 200 school-age children who were admitted to the hospital from January 2018 to January 2019.They were divided into two groups according to whether they received influenza vaccine.One group was the control group and the other group was the research group,100 cases each,the former group was not vaccinated against influenza and the latter group was vaccinated against influenza.The incidence and frequency of influenza in the two groups were compared within 6 months,and the incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was observed and recorded.Results In the study group,the incidence of influenza was 3.00% and the number of occurrences was 3 times within 6 months.Compared with the control group,the incidence of influenza was 15.00% and the number of times was 15 times,which were significantly lower.The difference was statistically significant(χ2=7.387,9.125,P<0.05).After 100 children of the study group were vaccinated against influenza,2 patients developed headaches,3 patients developed fever,and 1 patient experienced pruritus,all of which resolved or disappeared within 3 d.Conclusion Influenza vaccination in pediatric influenza prevention and control has a significant effect,can effectively reduce the incidence and frequency of pediatric epidemic infection,and has fewer adverse reactions.