“立”与“守”协同治理:构建社会保障共同体——社会契约视域下的社会保障责任划分与践行

The"Establishment"and"Keeping"of Coordinative Governance:Construction of Social Security Community——Responsibility Division and Practice for Social Security under the Perspective of Social Contract

社会保障契约是同一社会中不同的行为主体在协商一致基础上为公民提供风险保护以维护社会公平进而促进社会稳定发展而达成的一种社会契约。在现代国家治理体系中,社会保障是政府、企业、社会组织和公民个人等多元主体参与的共治之域,社会保障责任的划分和践行成为"立契约"和"守契约"的关键。当前,我国社会保障契约处于"立契约"的完善阶段,多元主体的社会保障责任划分和践行还存在不清和不当,需要通过"立"与"守"协同的契约治理来完善覆盖全民的社会保障体系:发挥中国特色社会主义制度优势,不断完善社会保障制度体系;加强法治建设,弘扬契约精神,提升各责任主体践行社会保障责任的意愿和能力,推动相关主体积极依约践责;通过高效合理的责任分担和利益共享机制促进多元责任主体共建共治共享,构建"人人有责、人人尽责、人人享有"的社会保障共同体。

Social security contract is a social contract reached by promoting stable development of the society for providing risk protection of citizens to maintain social fairness by different behavior main bodies in the same society based on consultative consensus.In modern national governance system,social security is the co-governance field participated by multi-subject such as government,enterprises,social organizations and individual citizen,therefore,the division and practice of social security responsibility become the key to"the establishment and the keeping of contracts".Currently,China’s social security contract stays at the perfecting period of"the establishment of the contract",the division and practice of social security responsibility of multi-subject are not clarified and improper,as a result,the social security system covering all citizens needs to be perfected by the contract governance through the coordination of the"establishment"and the"keeping".China should bring into fully play the institutional advantages of the socialism with Chinese characteristics,continue to perfect social security institution system,strengthen legal construction,enlarge contract spirit,promote the willingness and ability to take the social security responsibility of each responsibility subject,boost the related main bodies to actively take the responsibility based on the contract,use the efficient and reasonable mechanism with the shared responsibility and shared interests to boost co-construction,co-governance and co-sharing by multiple responsibility subjects,and build social security community with"everyone having the responsibility,everyone taking the responsibility and everyone enjoying the social security".