情绪理解对儿童和成人叙事理解的影响

The Influence of Emotion Inferencing on Children and Adult's Narrative Comprehension

为研究情绪推理的发展轨迹与叙事理解的关系,以100名儿童和100名成人为被试,拟考察儿童和成人在阅读过程中如何加工消极情绪以及他们如何对自己和主人公不同程度的情绪状态进行评价。结果发现:(1)无论是儿童还是成人,消极情绪均促进了目标句的加工。(2)对于成人,消极情绪促进溢出句的加工,对于儿童,消极情绪抑制了溢出句的加工,表明儿童需要更多的时间来处理主人公的情绪状态,并将他们整合到连贯的心理表征中。(3)儿童和成人对情绪状态的效价和唤醒度的评级相似,他们均认为主人公的情绪状态比他们自己的情绪状态更消极且更强烈。但儿童将自己的情绪状态评为相对中性,而成年人对自己情绪状态的评价更接近于主人公的消极情绪状态。这表明儿童和成人的情绪推理机制可能存在差异。

In order to study the relationship between the development trajectory of emotion inferences and narrative comprehension,100 children and 100 adults were selected to investigate how children and adults process negative emotions during reading and how they can affect themselves and the protagonist's emotional state.The results show that:(1)Negative emotions promote the processing of target sentences in children and adults.(2)For adults,negative emotions promote the processing of spill-over sentence.While for children,negative emotions inhibit the processing of spill-over sentence,which indicates children need more time to deal with the protagonist's emotional state and integrate them into a coherent psychological representation.(3)Children and adults have similar ratings for the valence and arousal of emotional state.They all think that the emotional state of the protagonist is more negative and stronger than their own emotional state.However,children rated their emotional state as relatively neutral,while adults'evaluation of their emotional state is closer to the protagonist's negative emotional state,which suggests that there may be differences in the emotional reasoning mechanisms between children and adults.