他人惩罚信息对第三方惩罚的作用——基于规范性社会行为理论的解释

The Role of Others Punishment Information on Third-Party Punishment——An Interpretation Based on Normative Social Behavior Theory

选取188名大学生进行情景实验。基于规范性社会行为理论,探究了他人惩罚信息以及不同社会规范对第三方惩罚的影响。实验一结果表明高他人惩罚信息组的第三方惩罚力度显著高于低他人惩罚信息组。实验二结果表明社会规范中描述性规范与指令性规范对第三方惩罚力度有显著的影响;同时两者的交互作用显著,当描述性规范较低时,无论指令性规范处于较高或者较低的水平,第三方惩罚力度均较低,而当描述性规范的较高时,指令性规范的增强能提高第三方的惩罚力度。本研究为人们利用他人惩罚信息来塑造社会行为规范,推动第三方惩罚的执行,形成更好的社会凝聚力提供了理论依据。

188 college students were selected for scenario experiments.Based on the normative social behavior theory,it explores the impact of other people's punishment information and different social norms on third-party punishment.Study 1 shows that the third party punishment of the high others punishment information group was significantly higher than that of the low others punishment information group.Study 2 shows that descriptive norms and prescriptive norms in social norms have a significant impact on third-party penalties;at the same time,the interaction between the two is significant.When the descriptive norms are low,regardless of whether the prescriptive norms are at a higher or lower level,the three parties'penalties are low,and when the descriptive norms are high,the enhancement of the prescriptive norms can increase the penalties of third parties.This study provides a theoretical basis for people to use other people's punishment information to shape social behavior norms,the execution of third-party punishment,and to form a better social cohesion.