尖孢镰刀菌及欧文氏杆菌复合侵染引起的半夏腐烂病研究

Study on Pinellia ternata Rot Caused by Combined Infection of Fusarium oxysporum and Erwiniella

以家种健康半夏、发毛半夏和腐烂半夏为材料,对引起半夏腐烂病的尖孢镰刀菌和欧文氏杆菌进行分离、提纯、镜检、回接和药敏试验。结果在家种健康半夏和发毛半夏中分离出尖孢镰刀菌,在发毛半夏和腐烂半夏中分离到欧文氏杆菌。通过对2种菌回接,半夏接种尖孢镰刀菌腐烂病发病率为0,发芽率75%;接种欧文氏杆菌腐烂病发病率为20%,发芽率60%;而先接种尖孢镰刀菌,过3 d后再接种欧文氏杆菌的腐烂病发病率为90%,发芽率20%。药敏试验和盆栽试验发现,尖孢镰刀菌对三唑类农药戊唑醇敏感,欧文氏杆菌对乙蒜素敏感,并具有很好的防治效果。综上,半夏腐烂病是由尖孢镰刀菌和欧文氏杆菌复合侵染引起。

With family health Pinellia ternata,hairiness and rot as materials,The separation,purification,microscopic examination,reconnection and drug sensitivity tests of Fusarium oxysporum and Erwiniella which caused Pinellia rottensis were carried out.The results showed that the isolates of Fusarium oxysporum were isolated from the Pinellia ternata and Pinellia ternata,and the Erwinia spp.were isolated from the Pinellia ternata and rotten Pinellia.The test of two bacteria showed that the incidence of Fusarium oxysporum was 0,the incidence rate of Pinellia ternata was 75%,the incidence rate of Erwinia rot was 20%,and the germination rate of Pinellia ternata was 60%,and inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum first,and with Erwiniella after 3 days.The incidence rate of rot disease was 90%after inoculation with Erwinia spp.,and the germination rate of Pinellia ternate was 20%.Through drug sensitivity test and pot experiment,it was found that Fusarium oxysporum was sensitive to three azole pesticide,and that Erwinia was sensitive to allicin and had good control effect.Conclusion:the canker of Pinellia ternata is caused by the compound infection of Fusarium oxysporum and Erwinia.