基于有限元的拖拉机倍速前桥壳体仿真研究

Simulation research on tractor bi-speed front axle housing based on finite element method

对一种减小转弯半径的黄海金马某型号园艺拖拉机倍速前桥壳体进行仿真分析,运用有限元软件建立倍速前桥壳体模型,对壳体进行不同工况下的力学分析,并对不同结构参数下的倍速前桥壳体进行模态分析,得出前桥壳体六阶模态的振型和固有频率.结果表明:壳体最大形变为0.232 mm,最大应力为124.120 MPa,其强度和刚度满足设计要求;壳体最小固有频率为323.33 Hz,远大于发动机和路面的激振频率,前桥不会发生共振现象;在高于外部激振频率的情况下,可减小壁厚,实现倍速前桥壳体的轻量化设计.上述力学分析和模态分析的结果可为倍速前桥的开发和结构优化设计提供参考.

A kind of front axle housing of a horticultural tractor with bi-speed which reduces the turning radius is simulated and analyzed.The model of bi-speed front axle housing is established by using the finite element software.The mechanics analysis of the housing is carried out under different working conditions,and the modal analysis of the bi-speed front axle housing under different structural parameters is carried out.The mode shape and natural frequency of the sixth mode of the front axle housing are obtained.The results show that:the maximum deformation of the housing is 0.23227 mm,the maximum stress is 124.12 MPa,and its strength and rigidity meet the design requirements.The minimum natural frequency of the housing is 323.33 Hz,which is far greater than the excitation frequency of the engine and the road surface,and the front axle will not have resonance.In the case of the frequency higher than the external excitation one,the wall thickness can be reduced,therefore the lightweight design of the bi-speed front axle housing can be realized.The results of mechanics analysis and modal analysis can provide reference for the development of bi-speed front axle and structural optimization design.