72份西北春玉米品种对丝黑穗病的抗性鉴定与评价

Identification and analysis of 72 northwest spring maize varieties resistance to head smut

为明确72份西北春玉米品种对丝黑穗病的抗性差异,本研究于2015年-2017年间采用人工接种法对供试品种进行了田间抗性鉴定,结果表明‘军育179’‘创玉102’‘金园007’‘中博510’和‘九圣禾680’共5份表现高抗,占供试品种的6.94%;‘先玉1321’‘承试288’‘兴玉018’‘金育350’‘五谷558’‘Km15’‘JXQ126’‘M420’‘HN887’‘登海720’等30份品种表现抗病,占供试品种的41.67%;‘MC703’‘YF3240’‘武科609’‘宇翔188’‘军育189’‘金科玉3306’‘经禾168’‘GXY1204’‘豪威168’‘真金323’等共16份品种表现中抗,占供试品种的22.22%;其余18份和3份分别表现感病和高感,分别占供试品种的25.00%和4.17%。以DPS 2016.1.1数据处理系统对其中32份品种的病株率进行系统聚类分析,探讨其抗病性,结果表明,以欧式距离1.0作为最佳聚类距离分割点,将供试品种划分为5类,但其聚类效果与依据玉米抗丝黑穗病鉴定技术规范划分的抗性类型结果存在一定的偏差。

In order to clear the resistance of 72 northwest spring maize varieties to head smut caused by sporisorium reilianum,artificial inoculation in field was conducted from 2015 to 2017.The results showed that five maize varieties were highly resistant,including‘Junyu179’‘Chuangyu102’‘Jinyuan007’‘Zhongbo510’and‘Jiushenghe680’,accounting for 6.94%of the total varieties.Thirty varieties were resistant,such as‘Xianyu1321’‘Chengshi288’‘Xingyu018’‘Jinyu350’‘Wugu558’‘Km15’‘JXQ126’‘M420’‘HN887’‘Denghai720’and so on,accounting for 41.67%.Sixteen varieties were moderately resistant,such as‘MC703’‘YF3240’‘Wuke609’‘Yuxiang188’‘Junyu189’‘Jinkeyu3306’‘Jinghe168’‘GXY1204’‘Haowei168’‘Zhenjin323’,etc.,accounting for 22.22%.The remaining 18 and 3 varieties were susceptible and highly susceptible,accounting for 25.00%and 4.17%,respectively.Through DPS 2016.1.1 Data Processing System,the disease rates of 32 varieties were clustered for exploring their resistance.The results showed that 32 maize varieties were grouped into five groups at grouping point 1.0 of euclidean distance.However,there was a certain deviation between the clustering effect and the result of resistance type classified by technical specification for resistance to corn head smut.