马克思价值形式分析的现象学阐释——理解马克思的社会认识批判

The Phenomenological Explanation of Marx’s Analysis of Value-form——Understanding Marxian Critique of Social Cognition

马克思对价值形式的分析具有浓厚的现象学意味,对马克思价值形式分析的现象学阐释,有助于我们发掘马克思理论中的认识论内涵,理解马克思的社会认识批判。价值形式是价值表现或显现为交换价值的方式,因此交换价值是价值的显现或现象。物象化是价值现象所展现出来的假象认识。价值现象既是对价值本质内容即人与人之间的社会关系的遮蔽,同时又是对资本主义社会假象形态的揭示。马克思的社会认识批判,正是对资本主义社会假象形态及其促发的假象认识的批判,并以革命实践的方式将其彻底铲除。因此马克思的社会认识批判同时也是一种社会批判理论和革命实践。

There is deep phenomenological meaning in Marx’s analysis of value-form.The phenomenological explanation of Marx’s analysis of value-form would help us to understand Marxian epistemology and the critique of social cognition,which are very different from Husserlian critique of cognition.The value-form means a specific form of expression of value as exchange-value,and the exchange-value was the appearance or phenomenon of value.The reification was the illusional cognition,presented in the phenomenon of value.The phenomenon of value doesn’t only hide the essence or content of value i.e.the social relations of persons,but also explains capitalist configurations of appearance.Marxian critique of social cognition aims to criticize and abolish the illusional cognition and the configurations of appearance.It is also a critical theory of society and a revolutionary praxis.