中国疆域诠释视角:从王朝国家到主权国家

Perspectives on Interpreting Chinese Borderlands:From Dynastic State to Sovereign State

对中国疆域理论的探讨是构建中国特色边疆学学科体系、学术体系与话语体系的主要内容,日益受到学界重视。但是,传统的王朝史观遭到越来越多的质疑,新的理论探索又受到“民族国家”理论的束缚,至今尚未形成成熟的理论和方法。通过对主权国家和中国疆域形成与发展的历史观察可以发现,《威斯特伐利亚和约》产生的主权国家理论和《尼布楚条约》的签订大致在同一时期,主权国家理论和中国传统天下观的构成异曲同工,中国疆域的形成与发展和欧洲主权国家的出现都是从传统国家发展为主权国家。因此,采用从传统王朝国家到主权国家的视角构建中国疆域形成与发展话语体系更为恰当和科学。

Theoretical discussion of Chinese borderlands constitutes the main part of the disciplinary,academic and discourse system of frontier studies with Chinese characteristics,and has received growing attention in academic circles.However,since the traditional view of dynastic history is increasingly being questioned,while theoretical exploration has been constrained by nation-state theory,a mature theory and method of frontier studies in China have yet to take shape.The historical observation of the formation and development of the sovereign state and China’s borderlands show that the theory of the sovereign state arising from the Peace Treaty of Westphalia and the signing of the Treaty of Nerchinsk occurred at roughly the same time.The sovereign state theory and the traditional Chinese Tianxia idea achieved the same effect by different means.The shaping and development of China’s borderlands and the emergence of European sovereign states both show a development from the traditional state to the sovereign state.Therefore,it would be more appropriate and rational to construct a discourse system dealing with the formation and development of China’s borderlands from the perspective of the development from a traditional dynastic state to a sovereign state.