氯吡脲处理对“泰山1号”猕猴桃采后果实呼吸和品质的影响

Effects of CPPU on Respiration Intensity and Fruit Quality of ‘Taishan No.1’ Kiwifruit During Storage

以山东主栽猕猴桃"泰山1号"为试材,采用浸果处理,研究了氯吡脲处理对果实膨大和采后果实品质的影响,以期为猕猴桃的保质增重提供参考依据。结果表明:与对照相比,猕猴桃单果质量及纵横径、侧径均显著增加,12.5 mg·L^-1氯吡脲处理使果实平均单果质量增加56.61%,果实纵横径和侧径分别增加18.80%、17.04%和13.62%,果形指数、横径和侧径比值则无明显变化;采后果实的呼吸速率除采收当天低于对照外,20℃贮藏下与对照无差异,均在第6天开始上升;氯吡脲处理使果实硬度降低,可溶性固形物含量有所提高,比对照增加1.12%;在贮藏2 d后可滴定酸含量逐渐下降,但整个贮藏期间果实的可滴定酸含量和失重速率均显著低于对照。说明在12.5 mg·L^-1氯吡脲处理条件下能显著增加"泰山1号"猕猴桃的单果质量,对促进果实商品性和提高产量具有良好作用,但降低了果实的硬度,加速了果实的软化,适宜的采收期可提前3~6 d。

‘Taishan No.1’ kiwifruit(leading cultivar in Shandong Province) were taken as material.The effect of CPPU on promoting fruit growth and storage quality was studied by the treatment of dipped fruit.The results showed that fruit weight and longitudinal,transverse and lateral diameters increased significantly with 12.5 mg·L^-1 CPPU treatment,average fruit weight increased by 56.61%,longitudinal,transverse and lateral diameter enlarged by 18.80%,17.04 and 13.62% respectively,while fruit shape index and ratio of transverse/lateral diameter had no obviously changed.The respiration rate enhanced rapidly after 6 days at 20 ℃,and there was no difference between CPPU treatment and the control groups excepting at fruit picking day.Compared with the control,soluble solids content increased by 1.12%,firmness reduced dramatically,titratable acid content and weight loss rate were lower substantially.In conclusion,fruit weight of‘Taishan No.1’kiwifruit increased significantly with 12.5 mg·L^-1 CPPU treatment,and having not negative effect on eating quality;firmness decrease promoted the fruit softening,so fruits should be harvested 3-6 days in advance.