2017—2019年山西省小反刍兽疫血清学和病原学监测

Serological and Etiological Surveillance on Peste Des Petits Ruminants in Shanxi Province during 2017 to 2019

为掌握山西省小反刍兽疫免疫状况及其流行情况,推动实施小反刍兽疫消灭计划,2017—2019年在全省11个地市,采用配额抽样方法,采集种羊场、商品代羊场、羊散养户共4038份血清学样品和8397份病原学样品,通过竞争ELISA、荧光定量PCR方法分别进行免疫抗体和病毒核酸检测。结果显示:2017—2019年全省小反刍兽疫免疫抗体个体合格率分别为83.51%、81.62%、84.15%,场群合格率分别为84.91%、81.20%、76.25%,呈下降趋势;病原学个体阳性率分别为0、0.08%、0.15%,群体阳性率分别为0、1.63%、1.25%,呈上升趋势。商品代羊场个体合格率为82.25%,低于种羊场(100%)和羊散养户(84.55%),且有病原阳性检出(0.09%)。10个地市的场群合格率均在70%以上,但有2个地市刚达标准线,1个地市仅为60.00%,3个地市检出病原学阳性。结果表明,山西省小反刍兽疫整体防控效果较好,但有下滑趋势,且商品代羊场存在一定的病毒感染,部分地区免疫效果不佳,因而存在疫情发生风险。在目前暂不具备退出强制免疫的条件下,仍需加强免疫、监测和调运监管,力争尽快实现消灭小反刍兽疫的目标。

In order to make clear the immune status and prevalence of peste des petits ruminants(PPR)in Shanxi Province,and to promote the implementation of national PPR eradication plan,a total of 4038 serological samples and 8397 etiological samples were collected from breeding farms,commercial farms and free-range households in 11 regions/cities by quota sampling during 2017 to 2019 for detection of antibodies and viral nucleic acids by ELISA and RT-PCR.The results showed that the qualified rates of antibodies against PPR at the individual level were 83.51%,81.62%and 84.15%respectively,and the rates at farm/group level were 84.91%,81.20%and 76.25%respectively,trending to decrease;for the detection of pathogens,the positive rates at the individual level were 0,0.08%and 0.15%respectively and the rates at farm/group level were 0,1.63%and 1.25%respectively,trending to increase.The individual qualified rate of commercial farms was 82.25%,which was lower than that of breeding farms(100%)and free-range households(84.55%),and PPR-positive samples were detected out(0.09%).The average qualified rates at group/farm level in 10 cities were above 70%(national standard),but the qualified rates of PPR antibodies just reached the national standard line in two regions/cities,and in one city,the antibody qualified rate was only 60.00%;pathogen-positive samples were detected out in three cities.It was concluded that PPR was effectively controlled in general,but the antibody level was on the decline,and some commercial farms were infected to some extent,some regions were with poor immunization,hence there was a risk of PPR outbreak.At present,it was still necessary to strengthen the supervision of vaccination,monitoring and transportation,and strive to eliminate PPR soonest.