施用不同镁肥对大田烤烟综合性状的效应

Effects of Different Magnesium Fertilizers on Comprehensive Characters of Flue-cured Tobacco in the Field

为探讨不同镁肥对提升烟叶产质量的应用效果,采用单因素随机区组设计,以清水为对照,对硫酸镁·7H2O、"速喜"镁、ETDA-镁、硫酸型-氨基酸螯合镁和高钙钾镁肥等5种镁肥开展小区肥效比较试验.结果表明:1)高钙钾镁肥对改善烤烟腰叶长、控制烟草花叶病和赤星病、增加经济效益和提升烟叶钾质量分数等效果显著;2)硫酸镁·7H2O能显著增加烤烟经济效益,对增加烟叶镁质量分数以"根际追施"效果较好;3)硫酸型-氨基酸螯合镁能显著增加烤烟经济效益,"速喜"镁对控制大田烟草花叶病和赤星病效果显著.而ETDA-镁表现欠佳,不适合在烤烟上应用.说明不同镁肥在烤烟上的应用效果差异较大,烤烟生产上可选择高钙钾镁肥作为一项"抗病、提质、增效"的有效技术措施.

In order to study the application effects of different magnesium fertilizers on increasing the yield and quality of tobacco leaves,under single factor randomized block design in tobacco field,compared with water treatment(CK),five kinds of magnesium fertilizers treatments,such as fertilizer of high calcium,magnesium and potassium,sulfuric acid-amino acid magnesium chelate,ETDAmagnesium,“Suxi”magnesium and magnesium sulfate·7H2O,were tested.The results showed that:1)The fertilizer of high calcium,magnesium and potassium had significant effects on improving the length of the waist leaves,controlling the disease of TMV and brown spot disease,increasing the economic benefits and the content of potassium in the tobacco leaves.2)Magnesium sulfate·7H2O could significantly increase the economic benefits of flue-cured tobacco,but it was better to increase the magnesium content of tobacco leaves by“rhizosphere topdressing”.3)Sulfuric acid-amino acid magnesium chelate could significantly increase the economic benefits of flue-cured tobacco,“Suxi”magnesium has a significant effect on the control of TMV and brown spot disease,but ETDAmagnesium was not suitable for flue-cured tobacco due to its poor performance.To sum up,the different magnesium fertilizers had different effects on comprehensive characters of flue-cured tobacco.It was necessary to choose high calcium,magnesium and potassium as an effective technical measure of disease resistance,quality improvement and output increase in flue-cured tobacco production.