我国扶贫政策回顾及2020年后转向分析

Review of China's Poverty Alleviation Policies and Analysis of Post-2020 Transition

随着精准扶贫方略在扶贫实践中的推行,我国农村贫困人口大幅下降。面对社会多样化致贫风险,在实现全面脱贫目标以后,对2020年后的扶贫思路进行探讨与预测变得刻不容缓。文章通过回顾改革开放以来的扶贫政策,总结了各阶段扶贫特点,分析了我国扶贫所面临的新形势,对新贫困内涵、新扶贫基础和挑战进行阐述,总结出新扶贫思路--精准扶贫与整体减贫的双重推进。最后,文章预测了扶贫政策转向,认为应将扶贫重点从农村减贫向城乡减贫一体化发展、加强扶贫政策与救助政策的衔接、提升贫困人口突发风险应对能力及关注贫困人口的教育和健康等方面入手,构建一个全面且可持续的扶贫框架,助力新时代脱贫攻坚战。

With the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation strategy in poverty alleviation practice,China's poverty-stricken population has declined significantly.In the face of diversified risks of poverty,it is urgent to discuss and predict the poverty alleviation concept since the goal of comprehensive poverty alleviation is achieved.This paper reviews the Poverty Alleviation Policies since the reform and opening up,summarizes the characteristics of poverty alleviation in various stages,analyzes the new situation faced by China's poverty alleviation,expounds the connotation,foundation and challenges of the new poverty alleviation,and sums up the new poverty alleviation concept-double promotion of targeted poverty alleviation and overall poverty reduction.Finally,the paper predicts the transformation of Poverty Alleviation Policies,and points out that the focus of poverty alleviation should be shifted from rural poverty reduction to integrated development of urban poverty reduction,strengthening the connection between poverty alleviation policies and relief policies,improving the emergency risk response ability of the poor and focusing on the education and health of the poor,so as to build a comprehensive and sustainable poverty alleviation framework and help the new era to tackle poverty.