白色念珠菌对口腔黏膜疾病恶性转化作用的研究进展

Research progress of Candida albicans on malignant transformation of oral mucosal diseases

口腔癌是头颈部最常见的恶性肿瘤,也是全世界十大最流行的恶性病损之一。口腔微生物感染是口腔癌重要的危险因素。白色念珠菌作为口腔最常见的机会性致病真菌,大量流行病学资料证实,白色念珠菌感染与口腔黏膜恶变存在密切联系,而相关动物实验也证实,白色念珠菌感染能促进上皮癌变。现有研究表明,白色念珠菌可能的促癌机制涉及破坏上皮屏障、产生致癌物质(包括亚硝胺、乙醛)、诱导慢性炎症反应、激活免疫反应等。然而,目前关于这些机制的深入研究还不够充分,一些假说尚存在一定的争议。因此,本文就目前白色念珠菌对口腔黏膜疾病恶性转化作用的相关研究成果作一综述,为进一步的研究和临床口腔癌的防治工作提供参考。

Oral cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the head and neck,and is one of the world’s top ten malignancies.Microbial infection is an important risk factor of oral cancer.Candida albicans is the most popular opportunistic fungal pathogen.Epidemiological studies have shown that Candida albicans is closely tied to oral malignancy.Animal experimentation have also proven that infection of Candida albicans can promote the development of oral epithelial carcinogenesis.The current studies have revealed several mechanisms involved in this process,including destroying the epithelial barrier,producing carcinogenic substances(nitrosamines,acetaldehyde),inducing chronic inflammation,activating immune response,etc.However,current researches on mechanisms are still inadequate,and some hypotheses remain controversial.Here,we review the findings related to Candida albicans’effect on the malignant transformation of oral mucosa,hoping to provide reference for deep research and controlling oral cancer clinically.