四川省某艾滋病高流行县中老年HIV/AIDS病人心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

Mental health status and influencing factors of middle-aged and elderly people infected with AIDS in a county with a high prevalence of AIDS in Sichuan

目的调查四川省某艾滋病高流行县≥50岁的艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)的心理健康状况及其影响因素,为后期制定该人群心理干预措施提供科学依据。方法2019年6月,抽取四川省某县20个乡镇中≥50岁的HIV/AIDS病人为研究对象,采用面对面问卷调查,分析中老年艾HIV/AIDS病人抑郁、焦虑症状现状及其影响因素。结果共抽取498例HIV/AIDS病人中,采用问卷评估后,107人(21.5%)存在抑郁症状;117人(23.5%)存在不同程度的焦虑症状,其中54人(10.8%)存在轻度焦虑症状,36人(7.2%)存在中度焦虑症状,27人(5.4%)存在重度焦虑症状。Logistic回归分析发现:年龄[50~59岁与≥70岁相比,比值比(OR)=3.691]、月收入(<1000元与≥2000元相比,OR=2.409)对抑郁症状有影响;年龄(50~59岁与≥70岁相比,OR=3.843),工作状况(无业/失业与在业相比,OR=2.521),外出务工(从未外出务工与过去在外务工,现在回家发展相比,OR=1.736)对焦虑症状有影响。结论中老年HIV/AIDS病人抑郁和焦虑症状的发生率较高,应该引起关注,尤其应重点关注50~59岁、无业或失业、低收入、无外出务工经历者,有针对性地进行健康教育和心理疏导,降低其抑郁和焦虑症状的发生率,改善心理健康状况。

Objective To investigate the mental health status and influencing factors of HIV/AIDS among middle-aged and elderly people aged≥50 years in a county with a high prevalence of AIDS in Sichuan province,and to provide scientific basis for developing psychological intervention measures for this group.Methods In June 2019,information of the HIV/AIDS patients aged≥50 years in 20 towns of Luxian county were collected by using a face-to-face questionnaire.Their depression and anxiety status and its influencing factors were analyzed accordingly.Results Out of 498 patients,107(21.5%)had depressive symptoms.117(23.5%)had anxiety in various degrees,of which 54(10.8%)were mild,36(7.2%)were moderate and 27(5.4%)severe.Logistic regression analysis found that age(50-59 years old compared with≥70 years old,OR=3.691),and monthly income(<1000 yuan compared with>2000 yuan,OR=2.409)had an impact on depression;age(50-59 years old compared with≥70 years old,OR=3.843),working status(unemployed compared with employed,OR=2.521),migrant workers(compared with those never being migrant workers,OR=1.736)had an impact on anxiety.Conclusion The incidence of depression and anxiety in the middle-aged and old people infected with HIV/AIDS is significantly higher than that in the general elderly.Attention should be paid to them,especially those aged between 50-59 years,unemployed,low-income and no migrant working experience.Health education and psychological counseling should be carried out to reduce the incidence of depression and anxiety and improve mental health.