侯方域传体文“私人叙事”特征析论

On the Characteristics of“Private Narrative”in Hou Fangyu’s Biography

古代史传文学在叙事风貌上可分为"宏大叙事"和"私人叙事"两种形态,前者以群体抽象为基础,追求主题意义的高远,后者以个体经验为支撑,追求情感记忆的真切。明末清初,面对时代巨变,以文存史的观念促进了传记文的创作繁荣,整体上呈现出"宏大叙事"的倾向。但是侯方域的传体文却能独树一帜,无论是传主选择,还是主题内容,都呈现出鲜明的"私人叙事"特征。探究其成因,与侯方域的成长环境和个人性情有很大的关系。

In terms of narrative style,ancient biography literature can be divided into two forms:grand narrative and private narrative.The former pursued the lofty meaning of the theme based on group abstraction,while the latter pursued the sincerity of emotional memory based on individual experience.During the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties,in the face of changing times,the concept of"preserving history by literature"promoted the prosperity of biography literature,which presented the tendency of"grand narrative"on the whole.But Hou Fangyu’s biographical literature style was totally different from the fashion of the times,presenting a distinctive feature of"private narrative"no matter it is the choice of the host or the content of the theme.The causes for Hou Fangyu’s biographical literature style might be his unique family growth environment and his own individual disposition.