非漂浮型和漂浮型航空座椅垫动态压缩力学性能研究

Research on the Dynamic Compression Mechanical Properties of the Nonflotation and Flotation Aviation Seat Cushions

为研究航空座椅垫的动态压缩力学性能,基于非漂浮型和漂浮型两型航空座椅垫,考虑4种非漂浮层材料密度和4种漂浮层材料占比的影响,通过电子万能实验机与高速液压伺服实验机开展准静态和动态压缩特性实验,研究座椅垫的变形过程、率敏感性、能量吸收和能量损耗等变化规律。结果表明:航空座椅垫压缩实验重复性较好;座椅垫材料具有明显的非线性特性、迟滞效应与超弹性特性,且弹性模量较小;座椅垫材料率敏感性较为明显,应变率参数与非漂浮层密度正相关,与漂浮层占比负相关;峰值能量与应变率、漂浮层占比及非漂浮层密度均正相关;能量损耗比与应变率正相关,与漂浮层占比和非漂浮层密度负相关,且漂浮层材料占比起主导作用。

To study the dynamic compression mechanical properties of the aviation seat cushion, the quasi-static and dynamic compression characteristics experiments based on nonflotation and flotation two-type aviation seat cushions were performed, and the deformation process, rate sensitivity, energy absorption, and the energy loss of seat cushion were studied with an electronic universal experiment machine and a high-speed hydraulic servo experiment machine, by considering the effects of density of four nonflotation layer materials and the proportion of four flotation layer materials. The results indicate that the aviation seat cushion compression test has good repeatability;the seat cushion material has obvious non-linear characteristics, hysteresis effect, and hyperelastic characteristics, and the elastic modulus is small;the seat cushion material rate sensitivity is obvious, and the strain rate parameter is positively related to the density of the nonflotation layer and negatively related to the proportion of the flotation layer;the peak energy is positively related to the strain rate, the proportion of the flotation layer, and the density of the nonflotation layer;the percentage of energy loss is positively related to the strain rate, and negatively related to the proportion of the flotation layer and the density of the nonflotation layer, and the proportion of the flotation layer plays a leading role.