全球城市的空间扩张与地方逻辑

Global City: Space Expansion and Local Logic

所有城市的发展都是基于地方的,全球城市也不例外,城市的地方性知识是我们识别城市的关键。不论是全球城市史的发展,还是城市文化的变迁,抑或是城市规划思想的流变,都离不开地方性的支撑。然而,随着全球化的发展,各个城市之间的联系更加紧密、互动更加频繁,很多城市企图"打磨"掉自己不同的地方,向纽约、东京等全球城市看齐,现代化、资本积累以及空间扩张的过程从根本上撼动了城市的地方性知识。一方面,经济全球化使全球城市成为新的"增长中心",另一方面,全球性与地方性冲突进一步加剧,全球城市在空间扩张过程中产生了区隔分化,城市的公共空间与公共生活也被压缩,一些城市的地方性逐渐式微。全球和地方之间应该是一种"相互构成"的关系,建设全球城市意味着对地方进行重新定位和重新塑造,但是,全球化也绝不能完全抹杀地方性知识,而应该对地方性知识的差异性进行保留,在全球发展与地方发展之间形成文化、规划与公共生活的互构。

The development of all cities is based on localities, and global cities are no exception. The local knowledge of cities is the key to our identification of cities. Whether it is the development of global urban history, the change of urban culture, or the change of urban planning thought, it is inseparable from local support. However, with the rise of global cities, the links between cities are closer and more interactive. Many cities attempt to "stain" their different places, align with global cities such as New York and Tokyo, modernization, capital accumulation and space expansion. The process has fundamentally shaken the local knowledge of the city. On the one hand, economic globalization has promoted the development of cities. On the other hand, global and local conflicts have intensified. Global cities have differentiated in the process of spatial expansion, and the public space and public life of cities have also been compressed. The locality of some cities has gradually declined. Global and local relations should be a kind of "mutually constituted" relationship. Building a global city means repositioning and reshaping the locality. However, globalization cannot completely obliterate local knowledge. Instead, it should preserve the differences in local knowledge and form a mutual structure between culture, planning and public life between global development and local development.