不同工艺处理的五倍子替代氧化锌对仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、盲肠微生物区系及腹泻率的影响

Effects of Different Processing Chinese Gall Instead of Zinc Oxide on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Cecal Microbial Flora and Diarrhea Rate of Piglets

本试验旨在研究不同工艺处理的五倍子替代氧化锌对仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、盲肠微生物区系及腹泻率的影响。试验选取195头平均体重为(9.97±0.04)kg的"杜×长×大"仔猪,随机分为5个组,每组3个重复,每个重复13头仔猪,公、母仔猪均匀分配到各组的各个重复中。5个组分别为对照组(基础饲粮+2092 mg/kg氧化锌,锌添加量为1600 mg/kg)、五倍子粉(GP)组(基础饲粮+852 mg/kg GP)、五倍子粉水解单宁酸提取物(HGT)组(基础饲粮+649 mg/kg HGT)、包被五倍子粉(C-GP)组(基础饲粮+1970 mg/kg C-GP)、包被五倍子粉水解单宁酸提取物(C-HGT)组(基础饲粮+1974 mg/kg C-HGT),4个试验组五倍子水解单宁酸添加量均为600 mg/kg。预试期7 d,正试期25 d。结果显示:1)各组间末均重、平均日采食量、平均日增重、料重比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,4个试验组腹泻率有升高的趋势(P=0.076)。3)HGT组与C-HGT组的粗蛋白质表观消化率极显著高于对照组、GP组和C-GP组(P<0.01);HGT组和C-HGT组的粗脂肪表观消化率与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),而GP组和C-GP组的粗脂肪表观消化率则显著低于对照组以及HGT组和C-HGT组(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,4个试验组盲肠中粪杆菌属的丰度均有所提高。综上,以不同工艺处理的五倍子替代饲粮中的氧化锌后仔猪的生长性能未产生显著变化,但腹泻率有所升高;经提取工艺处理的五倍子(HGT、C-HGT)替代饲粮中的氧化锌可显著提高仔猪饲粮的粗蛋白质表观消化率,而未经提取工艺处理的五倍子(GP、C-GP)则会显著降低仔猪饲粮的粗脂肪表观消化率;不同工艺处理的五倍子替代饲粮中的氧化锌后仔猪盲肠中粪杆菌属丰度有所升高。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of different processing Chinese gall instead of zinc oxide on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,cecal microbial flora and diarrhea rate of piglets.A total of 195"Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire"piglets with an average body weight of(9.97±0.04)kg were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups.Each group contained 3 replicates and each replicate contained 13 piglets with male and female evenly distributed.The piglets in control group were fed a basal diet supplemented with 2092 mg/kg zinc oxide(that was equivalent to 1600 mg/kg zinc),the piglets in Chinese gall powder(GP)group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 852 mg/kg GP,the piglets in Chinese gall powder hydrolyzed gallotannin extract(HGT)group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 649 mg/kg HGT,the piglets in coated-GP(C-GP)group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1970 mg/kg C-GP,and the piglets in coated-HGT(C-HGT)group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1974 mg/kg C-HGT.The supplemental levels of hydrolyzed gallotannin in the 4 trial groups were 600 mg/kg,separately.The pre-test period was 7 days,and the formal test period was 25 days.The results showed as follows:1)the final average body weight,average daily feed intake,average daily gain and feed/gain ratio had no significant difference among the 5 groups(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the diarrhea rate of the 4 trial groups had an upward trend(P=0.076).3)The crude protein apparent digestibility of the HGT group and C-HGT group was significantly higher than that of the control group,GP group and C-GP group(P<0.01).The ether extract apparent digestibility of the HGT group and C-HGT group had no significant difference compared with the control group(P>0.05),but that of the GP group and C-GP group was significantly higher than that of the control group,HGT group and C-HGT group(P<0.01).4)Compared with the control group,the abundance of Faecalibacterium in cecum of 4 trial groups were all improved to some degree.The present study suggests that different processing Chinese gall instead of zinc oxide in the diet does not affect the growth performance of piglets,but the diarrhea rate is upward trend.Compared with the zinc oxide,the apparent digestibility of crude protein can be improved by Chinese gall treated by extraction process(HGT and C-HGT),while the apparent digestibility of ether extract can be reduced by Chinese gall untreated by extraction process(GP and C-GP).The abundance of Faecalibacterium in cecum of piglets is increased after dietary zinc oxide replaced by different processing Chinese gall.