复合有机酸对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、营养物质表观消化率的影响

Effects of Compound Organic Acids on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indicators and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility of Weaning Piglets

本试验旨在研究饲粮及饮水中添加复合有机酸对断奶仔猪生长性能、胃肠道内容物pH、血清生化指标、营养物质表观消化率以及空肠黏膜中分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)含量的影响。试验选取21日龄、体重为(6.0±1.0)kg的健康"杜×长×大"三元杂交断奶仔猪120头,随机分成Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组,每组5个重复,每个重复6头。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;Ⅱ组为抗生素组,在基础饲粮中添加0.05%的弗吉尼亚霉素预混料(弗吉尼亚霉素含量为50%);Ⅲ组为有机酸化剂组,在基础饲粮中添加0.2%的复合有机酸B,且在饮水中添加0.1%的复合有机酸A;Ⅳ组为有机酸化剂组,在基础饲粮中添加0.2%的复合有机酸B和0.3%的复合有机酸C。试验期为21~35日龄(断奶后前2周)。结果表明:1)与Ⅰ、Ⅱ组相比,Ⅲ组的平均日采食量(ADFI)显著提高(P<0.05);Ⅲ、Ⅳ组的料重比有一定程度的降低,但差异不显著(P>0.05);4组间的腹泻率和死亡率无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与Ⅰ、Ⅱ组相比,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组胃、十二指肠肠道内容物pH显著降低(P<0.05),空肠、回肠、结肠肠道内容物pH虽无显著差异(P>0.05),但有降低的趋势。3)Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组仔猪肠道对饲粮中粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗蛋白质表观消化率较Ⅰ组虽无显著的差异(P>0.05),但有一定程度的提高。4)Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清中碱性磷酸酶活性较Ⅰ、Ⅱ组显著降低(P<0.05);与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅲ组血清谷丙转氨酶活性也显著降低(P<0.05);Ⅲ组血清总蛋白含量较Ⅰ、Ⅱ组有一定程度的提高(P>0.05);Ⅳ组血清谷草转氨酶活性、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量较Ⅰ、Ⅱ组有降低的趋势(P>0.05)。5)Ⅲ、Ⅳ组空肠黏膜中SIgA含量与Ⅰ、Ⅱ组相比显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,在断奶仔猪的饮水和饲粮中组合或单独添加复合有机酸都可以提高断奶仔猪的生长性能和改善仔猪肠道健康状况。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary and drinking water supplemented compound organic acids on growth performance,gastrointestinal tract pH,serum biochemical indicators,apparent nutrient digestibility and secreted immunoglobulin A(SIgA)content in the jejunal mucosa of weaning piglets.In the test,a total of 120 healthy 21-day-old Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire ternary weaning piglets with body weight of(6.0±1.0)kg were randomly divided into 4 groups,namely,groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ.Each group contained 5 repetitions and each repetition with 6 heads.The group Ⅰ was control group,and piglets were fed a basal diet;the groupⅡwas antibiotic group,and those were fed the basal diet added with 0.05%antibiotics(the content of virginiamycin was 50%);the group Ⅲ was organic acidifier group,and those were fed the basal diet added with compound organic acid B and drinking water added with the compound organic acid A;the group Ⅳ was compound organic acidifier group,and those were fed the basal diet added with compound organic acids B and C.The trial lasted from 21 to 70 days of age(the two weeks after weaning).The results showed as follows:1)compared with groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ,the average daily feed intake(ADFI)in group Ⅲ was significantly increased(P<0.05);the ratio of feed to gain in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was reduced to a certain extent,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).Diarrhea rate and mortality were not significant among 4 groups(P>0.05).2)Compared with groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ,the pH of stomach and duodenum in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was decreased significantly(P<0.05).The pH of jejunum,ileum and colon was not significant(P>0.05),but there was a trend of decrease.3)The apparent digestibility of crude fat,crude fiber and crude protein in the intestine of piglets in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ was not significantly different from that in groupⅠ(P>0.05),but it was improved to a certain extent.4)The activities of alkaline phosphate in serum in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly lower than those in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P<0.05).Compared with group Ⅱ,the activity of alanine aminotransferase in serum in group Ⅲ was also significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the total protein content in serum in group Ⅲ showed a certain degree of improvement(P>0.05);the activity of aspartate aminotransferase and the content of tumor necrosis factor-αin group Ⅳ had a tendency to decrease compared with groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P>0.05).5)The content of SIgA in the jejunum mucosa in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly increased compared with groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P<0.05).In summary,the combined addition of compound organic acids in drinking water and diets or the addition of compound organic acids in diets to weaning piglets can improve the growth performance and intestinal health of piglets.