汉语焦点句中的主宾不对称现象考察

An investigation to subject-object asymmetry phenomenon in Chinese focus constructions

汉语常用焦点句的主语焦点和宾语焦点表现出不同的句法特征,主语焦点可以直接后置于焦点标记或焦点辖域标记,宾语焦点则必须提升或者置于准分裂结构中。汉语常用焦点句中主宾焦点的不同句法特征既受不可解释性焦点特征影响,同时受汉语焦点中心语的语类特征影响,是汉语主宾不对称现象的体现。多种焦点句的句法表现证明了汉语主宾不对称现象在焦点句中存在的普遍性。

In Chinese canonical focus constructions,subject focus and object focus present different syntactic features,subject focus can directly succeed the focus marker or focus scope marker,whereas object focus is shifted or appears in the pseudo-cleft construction.It is argued that in Chinese focus constructions the different syntactic features of the subject focus and object focus is driven by the strong uninterpretable focus feature and meanwhile influenced by the categorical features of the focus heads themselves,which manifests the subject-object asymmetry in Chinese.This article observes that subject-object asymmetry phenomenon also exists in the other focus constructions.