口腔运动干预在早产儿护理中的应用研究

Study on the application of oral motor intervention in the nursing of premature infants

口腔运动干预是一种对吸吮-吞咽-呼吸相关的组织或肌肉群进行感官刺激的方法,包括口腔刺激和非营养性吸吮。早产儿因出生胎龄小,生理机能尚未发育完全,在原始反射方面存在不足,较易出现口咽部功能障碍,加剧了临床护理工作的难度。因此,急需实施适当干预以期改善早产儿整体发育。现系统综述口腔运动干预在早产儿经口喂养、生长发育、神经行为发育等方面的应用情况,总结其在早产儿护理中的发展前景,以期为今后的深入研究提供参考。

Oral motor intervention is a method of sensory stimulation for sucking-swallowing-breathing related tissues or muscles,including oral stimulation and non-nutritional sucking.Due to the small gestational age,the physiological function of premature infants is not fully developed,and there are some deficiencies in the original reflex,it is easy to have the oropharyngeal dysfunction,which aggravates the difficulty of clinical nursing work.Therefore,appropriate interventions are urgently needed to improve the overall development of preterm infants.The application of oral motor intervention in oral feeding,growth and neurobehavioral development of premature infants is reviewed,the development prospect of preterm infant nursing was summarized in order to provide reference for further research.