某区50岁及以上人群眼病及影响因素的分析

Epidemiological Investigation of Eye Diseases Among Adults Aged 50 Years or Above of Futian A District

目的了解深圳社区50岁及以上人群的眼病情况,为地方科学建立中老年人眼病防控体系提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样法,从深圳福田区3个社区抽取50岁及以上者942人作为受检者,对其进行视力、屈光状态、眼压、眼前段、眼底等眼部检查,分析眼病患病率及全身病、地域对眼病的影响。结果942例受检者中,屈光不正患病率最高86.62%,其次为白内障14.33%,糖尿病性视网膜病变以及盲和中、重度视力损伤患病率最低均为1.59%。高血压、高血脂、高血糖组的ARMD患病率均高于非患病组(P<0.05)。高血压、高血糖组的DR患病率高于非患病组(P<0.05)。糖尿病患者组白内障、斜视的患病率高于非患病组(P<0.05)。广东籍中老年人翼状胬肉的患病率高于非深圳籍(P<0.05)。结论深圳市福田区老年人屈光不正、白内障、翼状胬肉、年龄相关性黄斑变性等患病率高,三高与眼病患病率密切相关。

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of eye diseases in adults aged 50 years or above in Shenzhen Futian district.And to provide the theoretical foundations to the construction of control system of eye diseases for the aged.Methods Cluster sampling was used in randomly selected individuals aged≥50 years from 3 communities of Futian district in Shenzhen.942 individuals were enrolled as the research samples.Detailed ophthalmic examinations and evaluations were executed including visual acuity,autorefraction,intraocular pressure,assessment of the anterior and posterior segment and fundus photography.The prevalence of eye diseases and effects of Systemic disease and region were analyzed.Results The prevalence of ametropia(86.62%)is the highest in the aged people,followed by cataract(14.33%).The lowest prevalence is for diabetic retinopathy(DR,1.59%)and blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment(1.59%)respectively.Hypertension,hyperlipoidemia and diabetes increased the prevalences of ARMD(P<0.05).The prevalence of DR is higher in hypertension and diabetes groups(P<0.05).The prevalences of cataract and strabismus were higher in diabetes group than non-diabetes group(P<0.05).The prevalences of pterygium in Shenzhen area were higher(P<0.05).Conclusions The main causes of vision injury of the aged people in Shenzhen Futian district include ametropia,cataract,pterygium,ARMD and so on.Prevalence of eye disease was connected with Hypertension,hyperlipoidemia and diabetes closely.