自稳定沉淀聚合原理、方法及应用

Self-stabilized precipitation polymerization:principle, method and application

经多年系统研究,本课题组开发了一种新型非均相聚合方法——"自稳定沉淀聚合"技术.与传统乳液/悬浮/分散聚合不同,该聚合体系不使用任何稳定剂,通过静态聚合及自成核-表面沉积增长过程,形成由粒径均匀的聚合物粒子和分散介质构成的稳定胶体;经简单的自沉降、过滤或离心分离,即可得到纯净的聚合物产品,分离出的上清液可用于下次聚合,无后处理问题,具有"绿色聚合工艺"优点.该聚合新方法简单高效,具有以下特点:(1)所制备聚合产物形貌尺寸均匀可控;(2)通过α-烯烃-马来酸酐交替共聚合,提高烯烃单体自由基聚合的活性;(3)特别是可用于混合烯烃单体聚合,制备多元共聚物粒子,为巨量烯烃资源的利用提供新途径.

A novel heterogeneous polymerization technique, termed as self-stabilized precipitation(2SP)polymerization, was developed beyond emulsion/dispersion/suspension. Through quiescent polymerization, selfnucleation and surface deposition process, a stable colloid composed of uniform polymer particles and reaction medium was formed without the use of any stabilizers. More importantly, the polymer particles can be easily separated from the solvent and the supernatant liquid can be recycled, making this strategy a truly "green" polymerization process. This technique leads to several revolutionary advances:(1) one of the most simple, efficient and green strategies to produce uniform, size-tunable and functional polymer nanoparticles;(2) the polymerization reactivity of α-olefin is highly enhanced through copolymerization with maleic anhydride;(3) generation of functional copolymer particles directly from single olefinic monomer or complex olefinic mixtures(including C4/C5/C9 fractions) without any further purification, which provides a new way to transform huge amount of olefinic compounds in C4/C5/C9 fractions into valuable functional polymers.