中国领事保护新发展与中国特色大国外交

New Development of China's Consular Protection and Major Power Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics

党的十八大以来,中国领事保护面临新形势和新挑战。领事保护工作被赋予新的内涵,使命重大,“供需矛盾”也更为突出。中国政府充分利用自身的有利条件和独特资源,推动领事保护工作不断取得进展,呈现出参与多元化、协调网络化、管理法制化、预防精细化的发展趋势,这些在近期新冠疫情防控中得到了充分展示。与西方国家相比,鲜明的“全政府”特色是中国领事保护实践最大的特点。要完善中国领事保护,除政府部门须继续努力外,也有赖于更多企业和社会组织力量的参与以及公民法制观念和责任意识的强化。

China's consular protection is facing new situations and challenges since the 18th Party Congress.Consular protection has been endowed with new connotation and great mission while there is a huge gap between the increasing demand for protection and the shrinking diplomatic resources.The Chinese government has made full use of its own favorable conditions and unique resources to promote the continuous progress of consular protection,which demonstrates new trends such as involving more actors in service delivery,constructing a coordination network,legalizing the management,and taking targeted preventive measures.Consular protection during the COVID-19 Crisis makes a good case study.Compared with developed countries,“whole-government involvement”is the most prominent feature of China's consular protection practice.It seems more significant and pressing to give full play of the role of non-government sectors and to strengthen citizens'awareness of law-abiding and responsibility-taking in order to meet severe challenges.