黄河上游生态保护与高质量发展的基本逻辑及关键对策

The Basic Logic and Core Strategies of Ecological Protection and High-Quality Development in the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River

黄河上游整体处于工业化中期的初期发展阶段和区域经济的起飞发展阶段,其生态保护和高质量发展关系到我国的生态安全和社会经济协调发展。黄河上游的自然条件特殊性、良好用地的限制性、发展阶段约束性及强烈的平行竞争趋势、弱化的国家重工业基地及其延续的“孤岛效应”决定了其生态保护和高质量发展必存在内在的基本逻辑,迫切需探索“反常规”的发展路径。因此,关键对策包括:①基于生态保护和治理需求,持续探索基于承载力且适合国家需求和地方特色的绿色产业发展路径,重点推动中心城市/城市群的快速成长,重构生产力空间,构建适合国家战略的生态体系和区域空间结构;②基于高质量发展和国家基地建设要求,着力建构资源型、战略性、绿色化的现代产业集群,推动传统重工业基地转型,建设地方性、特色化的农产品和服务休闲基地;③基于国家政策、地方情景和流域协同发展需求,积极融入国家战略和全球化进程,争取国家的有力和持续支持,逐步建立适应一体化发展的支撑体系,如建立跨省区的综合性、多元化的治理框架,建设流域性基础设施,积极开展相关的制度创新等。

The upper reaches of the Yellow River is at the beginning of middle stage of industrialization and rapid development stage of the regional economy,and its ecological protection and high-quality development in the upper reaches of the Yellow River related to China's cological security and Socioeconomic coordinated development.The specificity of natural conditions,scarcity of high-quality land,restriction of developing stage,intense parallel competing trend,weakened heavy industry and its extending"Islanding Effect"has formed the basic logic that must be faced when the region explores ecological protection and the high-quality development.These urge the scholars,policy makers and others to explore'unconventional'pattern of development.Therefore,the key countermeasures include:1)Based on the needs of the ecological protection and governance,the scholars,policy makers and others should continuously explore the developing path which is based on the capacity and is suitable for the needs of national requirements and local characteristics.Focus on promoting the rapid growth of central cities/urban agglomerations,reconstruct the space of productivity and build the ecological system and regional spatial structure fitting national strategies.2)Based on the requirements of high-quality development and national industrial base construction,it is also needed to construct modern industrial clusters which contain these characters:resource-based,strategic and greening.Also promoting the transforming of traditional heavy industries and constructing the bases that provide leisure activities and local agricultural products are necessary for the above requirements.3)Based on the national policies,local situation and the needs of the coordinated development in the whole region,the upper reaches of the Yellow River need to integrate into the national strategies and the process of globalization,get support from nation continuously and gradually found the system that could adapt the integrated development.The system should include these aspects:establishing a comprehensive and diversified governance framework among provinces,constructing Watershed infrastructure,actively carrying out related system innovations,etc.