论裁判规则的规范性

On the Normativity of Judicial Rules

裁判规则是由司法机关在司法过程中所形成、存在于案例或司法解释中的对某种争议问题的法律解决方案。案例裁判规则是案例的灵魂。案例裁判规则的规范性是指裁判规则的内容为人们解决同类疑难案件提供了法律解决方案,为法官的裁判提供了理由,它是一种建立在理性基础上的事实上的权威;为人们解决类似争议问题提供了规范性指引。它具有三个不同于法律规则规范性的特点,即它以蕴含一定普遍性的个案判决为基础,它具有一定的事实性和司法性。它是人们解决纠纷和指引行为的独特的规范资源。裁判规则的规范性来源于两个方面:其一是裁判规则内含的、建立在司法规律基础上的合理性;其二是裁判规则的出现是为了实现正义,其作用机制立基于正义。

Judicial rules are legal solutions to various kinds of disputes made by the judiciary in adjudication.They exist in cases or judicial interpretations.Judicial rule is the soul of a judicial case.are essential to them.The normativity of a judicial rule of cases lies in its ability of providing both legal solutions to and adjudicative reasons for pending cases alike.In other words,a judicial rule owns de facto authority based on rationality in providing normative guidance for handling similar disputes.The normativity of judicial rules differs from the normativity of statutory rules in three ways.First,it is based on the individual cases containing a certain extent of universality.Second,it is to some degree factual.And third,it is judicial.Thus,judicial rules are unique normative resources for solving disputes and guiding behaviors of people in general.There are two sources that make judicial rules normative:first one is the intrinsic rationality of judicial rules based on the objective law of adjudication;second one is that the emergence of judicial rules is to meet the need of justice and the mechanisms of its function is based on justice.