跨境数据流动中的国际贸易规则:规制、兼容与发展

International Trade Rules in Cross-border Data Flows:Regulation,Compatibility and Development

现今,跨境数据流动已成为国际贸易规则中的重要议题。世界贸易组织体系下的GATT和GATS对跨境数据流动进行了一定程度的规制与平衡,但仍不能解决目前跨境数据流动所面临的一系列复杂问题。欧盟、美国在各自主导下的双边贸易协定中,推广适合各自实际情况的跨境数据流动规则。而在诸如CPTPP和TiSA这类区域贸易协定中,对跨境数据流动的规制又体现出了不同的特点。中国在参与跨境数据流动的规则制定的过程中应秉持兼容与发展的观点,并应策略性、阶段性地提出中国的应对策略和发展模式。

Cross-border data flows have become an important issue in international trade rules.GATT and GATS under the World Trade Organization system regulate and balance cross-border data flows,while the EU and the United States promote cross-border data flow rules that suit their actual conditions in their bilateral trade agreements.In multilateral trade agreements such as CPTPP and TiSA,the regulation of cross-border data flows reflects different characteristics.China should adhere to the viewpoint of compatibility and development in the process of participating in the formulation of rules,and should propose China’s coping strategies and development models strategically and in stages.