中国资源型城市转型绩效测度与评价

Research on the Urban Transformation Performance of China's Resource-Based Cities

科学评价资源型城市转型绩效,是衡量国家转型政策实施效果的重要途径,也是资源型城市转型发展研究的重要议题。文章从转型幅度和发展态势两个方面构建资源型城市转型测度指标体系,运用熵值法和模糊层次分析等方法,定量评价了2013—2017年我国114个资源型城市的转型绩效,并对不同类型城市的转型绩效差异性进行了分析,得出以下主要结论:首先,国家实施资源型城市可持续发展规划后,城市转型绩效呈分化趋势,低值区域集中分布在东北、西南等偏远地区,城市转型幅度较好,但发展态势依旧整体较差。第二,再生型资源型城市转型绩效均值最高,其次是成熟型和成长型,衰退型城市转型绩效最差,成长型和衰退型城市转型绩效组内差异较大。第三,油气类城市转型绩效最高,其次是黑色金属类、非金属、有色金属类,煤炭类和森工类最低。第四,资源型城市转型绩效呈现东部地区最优,其次是中部地区和西部地区,东北地区最差,与城市发展态势呈现相似的分布特征,转型幅度在四大板块间和区域内差异均不大。最后,对资源型城市转型发展提出了相关的对策建议。

Scientific evaluation of the transformation performance of resource-based cities(RBCs)is an important way to measure the effect of the implementation of national transformation policies,and is also an important issue in the research of the sustainable development of RBCs.This article constructs a resource-based city transformation evaluation index system from the transformation extent and the development status,then using the methods of entropy method and fuzzy analytic hierarchy,the article quantitatively evaluates the transformation performance of 114 RBCs in China from 2013 to 2017,and analyzes the differences in transformation performance of different types of cities.The following main conclusions are drawn.First,after the implementation of the RBCs sustainable development plan,the urban transformation performance was heterogeneous,and the low-value areas were concentrated in some remote areas such as the northeast and southwest of China.The urban transformation extent was generally good,but the development status was still poor overall.Second,the regenerative cities had the highest average value of urban transformation performance,following by mature and growing types,and the recessionary cities was the worest.The difference among diferent cities in growing and recessionary types was generally large.Third,oil&gas cities had the highest transformation performance,followed by ferrous metals,non-metals,and non-ferrous metals,coal and forestry cities having the lowest transformation performance.Fourth,the cities in East China had the highest average value of urban transformation performance,followed by the Central region and the Western region,and Northeast China was the worst.The development status presented similar distribution characteristics,and the difference of transformation extent was not large between the four regions and withinthe region. Finally, relevant countermeasures and suggestions were proposed for the transformation and sustainabledevelopment of RBCs in China.