种植密度对不同玉米品种籽粒灌浆特性的影响

Effects of Planting Density on Grain Filling Characteristics of Different Maize Varieties

本试验旨在研究不同种植密度下玉米品种的籽粒灌浆特性和产量形成,以期为黄淮海夏玉米机械化收获籽粒和高产高效品种筛选提供理论依据。以先玉335、郑单958和桥玉8号为试验材料,设置每公顷种植密度52 500株(D1)、67 500株(D2)和82 500株(D3) 3个处理,研究不同密度处理玉米籽粒形成过程中的鲜重、体积和干重变化,并分析各阶段的灌浆速率和产量高低。结果表明,随着灌浆进程推进,籽粒鲜重、体积和干重均呈现"慢-快-慢"的增加趋势,随密度增加3个品种的百粒籽粒鲜重、体积和干重均呈下降趋势,3个品种比较以先玉335各密度下灌浆特性较优。灌浆1个月左右,郑单958和桥玉8号的灌浆速率较高,之后先玉335灌浆速率较高。3个品种最终产量以先玉335较高;不同密度比较,3个品种均为中低密度产量较高。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the grain filling characteristics and yield formation of maize varieties under different planting densities,so as to provide theoretical basis for mechanized grain harvesting and high-yielding and high-efficiency variety selection in Huanghe-Huaihe-Haihe summer maize region.Xianyu 335,Zhengdan 958,and Qiaoyu 8 were used as experimental materials and three treatments( 52 500 plants,67 500 plants and 82 500 plants per hectare) were set to study the changes of fresh weight,volume,and dry weight during corn kernel formation process,and the filling rate of each stage and yield were analyzed.The results showed that the fresh weight,volume and dry weight of grain presented a "slow-fast-slow"trend with the advance of filling process.The fresh weight,volume and dry weight of the hundred-seed showed a downward trend with the increase of the density of the three maize varieties.The filling characteristics of Xianyu 335 were better than the others under each density.About one month after filling,the filling rate of Zhengdan 958 and Qiaoyu 8 was higher,and that of Xianyu 335 was higher during the subsequent grain formation.The final yield of Xianyu 335 was the highest.The yield of the three varieties was higher at medium and low densities.