基于数据挖掘与“异病同治”探讨中医药治疗新型冠状病毒感染肺炎

Discussion on Corona Virus Disease 2019 Treated by Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Data Mining and Treatment of Different Diseases

目的通过对近10年来国内以中文发表的13791篇中医药治疗感染性肺炎的临床研究进行数据挖掘,为中医药治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎提供参考信息。方法通过检索收集CBM,CNKI,WanFang,VIP数据库的临床研究,对该病的证型、处方用药等信息进行汇总分析,采用频数统计、关联分析和聚类分析方法,分析中医药辨证和处方用药规律。结果符合纳入标准的中医药治疗肺炎方案共1108个,主要证型为痰热壅肺证(346次),主要方剂为麻杏甘石汤(196次),中药以甘草出现次数最多(624次),其次是苦杏仁(543次),药味以苦、辛、甘为主,药性以寒、温、平为主,药物归经以肺经最多。对出现的12835次中药进行Apriori算法关联规则分析得到:支持度百分比最高的药物为苦杏仁→麻黄、鱼腥草。对出现的12835次中药进行聚类分析,发现以欧氏距离为13进行分类,可将药物分为3类。结论发现感染性肺炎的核心证型为"痰热壅肺、闭肺""风寒、风热犯肺""痰浊蕴肺""肺脾气虚""气阴两虚"。与新冠肺炎的病因病机高度相似,故而感染性肺炎的中医药用药规律对治疗新冠肺炎的遣药组方具有较高的指导意义。

Objective To provide reference information for the treatment of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)with traditional Chinese medicine through data mining of more than 10000 clinical studies published in Chinese over the past decade.Methods First,we collected the clinical researches in CBM,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP database,and then summarized and analyzed the syndrome types,prescription medication and other information of the disease.And finally the methods of frequency statistics,correlation analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze the syndrome differentiation and prescription medication law of TCM.Results A total of 1108 TCM treatment plans for pneumonia have been considered to meet our requirements.Among them,the main syndrome type was phlegm-heat obstructing lung(346 cases).The main prescription was Maxing Ganshi Decoction(196 cases).Gancao(Glycyrrhiza)was the most frequently-used herb(624 cases),followed by Kuxingren(bitter almond)(543 cases).The main tastes were bitter,pungent or sweet.The main medicinal properties were cold,warm and gentle and the most relevant meridian was lung meridian.According to the analysis of 12835 herbal medicines based on the Apriori algorithm,Kuxingren(bitter almond),Mahuang(ephedra)and Yuxingcao(Houttuynia)had the highest support percentage.The cluster analysis of 12835 medicinal herbs showed that the above drugs can be divided into three categories according to the Euclidean distance of 13.Conclusion This study found that the core syndrome types of infectious pneumonia are"phlegm-heat obstructing or blocking lung","wind-cold and wind-heat invading the lung","phlegm-turbidity accumulating in the lung","Qi deficiency of lung and spleen"and"Qi and Yin deficiency",which are highly similar to the core syndrome types of COVID-19.Therefore,the rules of Chinese medicine used in infectious pneumonia are of great guiding significance for the treatment of COVID-19.