中国教育自信的历史渊源--论《学记》教育思想之卓著、深邃与实用

The Historical Origin of China's Educational Self-Confidence--On the Outstanding,Profound and Practical Educational Thought of Xueji

《学记》是"教记"即"教论",是中华民族乃至全人类最早的(两千多年前)卓有创造性的教育论著,是中国教育自信的历史渊源。其所及之教育观点至今仍有极高的实用价值。诸如,教育要培养"知类通达,强立而不反"的大成之士,"然后足以化民易俗,近者说服,而远者怀之"。为此,要使学生先立志,尊师重道。师何以令人尊?君子良知,知如涌泉;何以育人?"教学相长";"长善救失",因材施教,因材成就;"道而弗牵,强而弗抑,开而弗达";"藏焉修焉,息焉游焉";师者语言要"约而达,微而臧,罕譬而喻";使学生"安其学而亲其师,乐其友而信其道";师生互动,心路相通,故"善教者使人继其志"。教育是国之本,教师是教育之本,良知育人是教师之本。

The essence of Xueji is teaching theory,It is the earliest and most creative educational theory of the Chinese nation and all mankind,is the historical origin of China’s educational self-confidence.The educational point of view still has its very high practical value.For example,education should cultivate students“knowing one side of knowledge and can be used in other ways,Stand up for your position and not waver”,“Changing the customs the people,closer convincing and person far away missing”.To this end,to make students first determined,respect the teacher re-say.Why is the teacher so-pleasing?A gentleman has conscience teaching all the knowledge;How can we train good students?“Teaching and learning promote each other”;“Inheriting a good tradition and changing the bad side”,“According to each person’s characteristics and taking different educational methods”;“To guide the students instead of leading the way,Strict lying students but not suppressing them,Inspire students to think but not tell them the result”;“Students should concentrate on their studies and not give up”;The teacher’s language should be simple and clear,can inspire students;so that students learn and be close to their teachers;Teachers interact with students,so the road of heart is connected.Education is the root of the country,teachers are the root of education,conscience education is the work of teachers.