基于前提、基础与目的的分工理论阐释--马克思与哈耶克分工理论比较研究

Interpretation of Division of Labor Theory Based on Premise,Foundation and Purpose--A Comparative Study of Marx's and Hayek's Theory on Division of Labor

马克思与哈耶克都关注分工与社会制度之间的内在关系,但两者的分工理论在前提、基础和目的方面却具有显著的差别。马克思的分工理论从劳动出发,哈耶克则以知识的分立作为其理论出发点;马克思以唯物史观为基础来把握分工,哈耶克则把承认资本主义自发秩序作为其理论基础;马克思分工思想的最终目的是实现共产主义,哈耶克的分工研究却以资本主义为最终归宿。马克思科学揭示了分工的本质和历史作用,哈耶克的分工理论则缺乏一种宏观的理论视野和科学的分析方法,但哈耶克对分工技术内涵的拓展性研究对我们建设社会主义市场经济具有重要的启示意义。

Both Marx and Hayek are concerned about the internal relationship between the division of labor and the social system,but the division of labor theory between the two has significant differences in terms of premise,basis,and purpose.Marx’s theory of division of labor starts from labor,Hayek starts from separate knowledge;Marx’s theory of division of labor is based on historical materialism,and Hayek takes the recognition of the spontaneous order of capitalism as its theoretical basis;the ultimate goal of Marx’s thought of division of labor It is to realize communism,but Hayek’s research on division of labor takes capitalism as the final destination.Marx reveals the essence and historical role of division of labor,Hayek’s theory of division of labor lacks a macroscopic theoretical perspective and a scientific analysis method,but Hayek’s extensive research on the technical connotation of division of labor has important enlightenment significance for building the socialist market economy.