TIG电弧增材熔池行为的数值模拟研究现状

Research status of numerical simulation of TIG arc additive molten pool behavior

TIG(钨极惰性气体保护焊)电弧增材制造由于其材料利用率高、成形效果好等显著优势,已成为制造业研究的热点。本文从数值模拟的角度,着重总结了TIG增材熔滴过渡、热累积和熔池行为3个方面的重要结果。成形工艺参数决定熔滴过渡形式和频率,而熔滴的过渡形式和过渡频率直接影响沉积层的成形质量;热累积影响着成形件的微观组织和应力,可通过控制层间冷却时间来减少热累积;在进行TIG增材熔池数值模拟时,多选择高斯热源和双椭球热源模型。基于以上对TIG电弧增材制造的分析研究,对TIG电弧增材制造的研究方向进行了展望,主要包括建立熔滴与熔池的物理耦合模型和改进电弧热源模型两方面。

TIG(Gas tungsten arc welding) arc additive manufacturing has become a hot spot in manufacturing industry because of its high material utilization and good forming effect. From the point of view of numerical simulation, this paper summarizes the important results of TIG three aspects: droplet transition, thermal accumulation and molten pool behavior. The forming process parameters determine the droplet transition form and frequency, while the droplet transition form and transition frequency directly affect the forming quality of the deposition layer. The thermal accumulation affects the microstructure and stress of the forming parts, which can be reduced by controlling the interlayer cooling time. The gaussian heat source and the double ellipsoidal heat source model are selected for the numerical simulation of the TIG additive pool. Based on the above analysis and research of TIG arc additive manufacturing, the future research direction of the TIG arc additive manufacturing is prospected: one is to establish the physical coupling model of molten drop and molten pool, and the other is to improve the arc heat source model.