新能源汽车用圆锥滚子轴承轻载摩擦转矩及注脂量控制试验研究

Experimental study on the light-duty friction torque and the grease capacity control of tapered roller bearings for new-energy vehicles

为实现新能源汽车变速器关键传动部件滚动轴承的最优性能,以汽车变速器最常用的圆锥滚子轴承为研究对象,通过自主研制的轴承试验台对其轻载摩擦转矩和注脂量控制进行了试验研究。通过分析KBC对标轴承和被测轴承轻载摩擦转矩的试验数据,得到被测轴承轻载摩擦转矩合格范围为0~21.316 N·m;通过试验得到被测轴承在不同主轴转速下注脂量变化对其温升的影响数据,并通过均值法和构建多变量自回归模型得到不同主轴转速和注脂量下的轴承平衡温度关系曲线,得到主轴转速和注脂量的变化对轴承平衡温度影响的线性规律关系。结果表明:宽转速轴系滚动轴承在20%注脂量时平衡温度相对于转速的稳定性最好。

In order to ensure the optimal performance of rolling bearings,this article focuses on the key transmission components of new-energy vehicles,the most commonly-used tapered roller bearings for automotive transmissions.Both the light-duty friction torque and the grease capacity of bearings are explored by means of a self-developed bearing test bench.The analysis is conducted on the test data of the light-duty friction torque of both the KBC counter bearing and the targeted bearing,and thus the light-duty friction torque of the targeted bearing is qualified from 0 to 21.316 N·m;based on the orthogonal test,the influence of the changes in crease capacity exerted on temperature rise at different spindle speeds is identified.Through the auto-regressive analysis,the balance-temperature curves at different spindle speeds and with different grease capacity are worked out,and the linear relationship between the changes in spindle speed and grease capacity on one hand and the balance temperature on the other hand is also obtained.The results show that in terms of the rotational speed,the balance temperature of wide-speed shaft roller bearings ensures the highest standard of stability with 20%grease capacity.