PD-1/PD-Ls通路及其在肾脏疾病中的研究进展

The PD-1/PD-Ls pathway and its research progress in kidney diseases

PD-1/PD-Ls通路是CD28/B7家族的新成员,除了由程序性细胞死亡受体-1(programmed death 1,PD-1)及程序性死亡受体-配体1(programmed death-ligand,PD-L1)(B7-H1,CD274)和PD-L2(B7-DC,CD273)组成外,还有可溶型PD-1(soluble PD-1,sPD-1)和可溶型PD-L1(soluble PD-L1,sPD-L1)的存在形式。这就使得PD-1/PD-Ls通路在组成和功能上更具有多样性和复杂性。PD-1/PD-Ls通路表达广泛,在T细胞活化和耐受中发挥广泛的免疫调节作用。研究表明,PD-1/PD-Ls通路参与诱导和维持外周免疫耐受,在免疫性肾病及非免疫因素性肾病中也发挥重要作用。现就PD-1/PD-Ls通路的组成、功能以及在肾脏疾病中的作用进行综述。

PD-1/PD-Ls pathway is a new member of CD28/B7 family.In addition to programmed death 1(PD-1)and its ligands(PD-L1)(B7-H1,CD274)and PD-L2(B7-DC,CD273),there are also soluble PD-1(sPD-1)and soluble PD-L1(sPD-L1).This makes PD-1/PD-Ls pathway more diverse and complex in composition and function.The PD-1/PD-Ls pathway is widely expressed and plays a broad immunoregulatory role in T-cell activation and tolerance.Studies show that the PD-1/PD-Ls pathway is involved in the induction and maintenance of peripheral immune tolerance,and plays an important role in kidney diseases.In this review,we will summarize the composition,function and the role of PD-1/PD-Ls pathway in kidney diseases.