阶层结构变革与国家治理体系创新

Changes of Stratum Structure and Innovation of National Governance System

国家治理可以被归结为国家通过建立、引导、支持一系列制度-规范,使得具有不同利益的社会群体(社会阶层)能够被整合起来,而这种利益整合一般都是以某种组织化的形式实现的,这种组织化模式在深层次上取决于一个社会的基本制度和社会结构。中国体制转型过程中的阶层结构分化和市场化导致原有的以"单位-公社"体制为核心的组织化体系解体。包括社区建设在内,自上而下的国家治理的组织化体系愈来愈难以覆盖整个社会。因此,国家治理的组织化体系的创新应该由过去主要以自上而下的行政化机制为主转变为自上而下的组织化与新社会阶层(包括民间社会)的"自组织"相结合。

National governance can be viewed as the process that the state establishes, guides and supports a series of institutional norms, so that social groups(social classes) with different interests can be integrated. This kind of interest integration is realized through some forms of organization, and the organizational model depends on the fundamental social system and social structure. The stratum structure differentiation and marketization in the process of China’s system transformation led to the disintegration of the original organizational system based on the"unit-commune"system as the core. Therefore, the innovation in organizational system of national governance should be transformed from the traditional top-down administrative mechanisms to a combination of the top-down organization and the"self-organization"of the new social strata(including civil society).