如何科学衡量自然对人类的贡献——一个基于生态系统服务的社会-生态系统分析框架及其应用

On How to Measure the Contribution of Nature to Human Beings Scientifically——A Social-ecosystem Analysis Framework based on Ecosystem Services and Its Application

人与自然关系贯穿人类文明演进的全过程,与自然冲突对立抑或和谐共生均对人类福祉影响重大。面对自然资源约束趋紧、环境污染严重、生态系统服务供给能力下降的严峻形势,必须树立尊重自然、顺应自然和保护自然的生态文明理念,把可持续发展提升到绿色发展高度。基于衡量"自然对人类贡献"的研究框架,需要重新认识自然对于人类社会经济的作用,识别社会-生态系统中的主要矛盾和冲突,客观厘定地球界限和社会界限阈值,科学度量安全运行空间变化特征,稳步探寻绿色可持续的最优发展路径,以为我国整治生态环境问题、有效开展国土空间治理、保障生态安全和社会经济可持续发展提供科学依据。

The relationship between humans and nature runs through the whole evolution process of human civilization,and the human well-being,to a large extent,depends on whether or not humans can coexist with nature harmoniously.In the face of the grave situation of tight constraints on natural resources,serious environmental pollution and declining supply capacity of ecosystem services,we must establish a concept of ecological progress that respects nature,complies with nature and protects nature,and elevate sustainable development to the status of green development.Based on the research framework of measuring "the contribution of nature to human beings",it is necessary to re-think about the role of nature in human society and economy,identify the main contradictions and conflicts in the social-ecosystem,objectively determine the threshold values of the planetary boundary and social boundary,scientifically measure the changing characteristics of safe operating space,and steadily explore the optimal path of green and sustainable development,so as to provide a scientific basis for China to address the ecological environmental problems,effectively conduct land and space management,and guarantee ecological security and sustainable social and economic development.