河南省《职业性放射性疾病诊断总则》标准实施评估调查

Evaluation on the standard implementation of “General guideline for diagnosis of occupational radiation diseases” in Henan Province

目的对《职业性放射性疾病诊断总则》标准的应用情况进行调查。方法依据制定的标准追踪评价方案,采取问卷形式对职业性放射性疾病诊断机构、放射性疾病诊断医师、放射卫生监督员、放射工作人员等标准应用相关单位和个人开展评价调查。结果河南省开展职业性放射性疾病诊断工作的机构1家;放射性疾病诊断医师对标准的掌握率为85.7%,未参加过对此标准的培训;28.6%的放射性疾病诊断医师认为标准的第3章诊断依据、剂量评估原则及第4章处理原则部分可行,并提出修改意见;放射卫生监督员对此标准的知晓率60.0%,参加省级标准培训的人员35.0%,未参加过国家组织的标准培训;《职业性放射性疾病诊断总则》标准的使用率低;放射工作人员对电离辐射确定性效应认识正确率为60.2%,对随机性效应认识正确率31.2%。结论卫生标准主管部门应加强对新发布标准的宣贯培训,扩大标准的应用范围。河南省需要加强放射性疾病诊断机构建设,实现诊断机构区域覆盖。

Objective To investigate the application of the "General guideline for diagnosis of occupational radiation diseases". Methods According to tracking evaluation of the standard, questionnaire survey was carried out among the units and individuals such as diagnostic institution, radiation disease diagnostic doctors, radiological health supervisors and radiation workers. Results Only one institution was established in Henan Province for diagnosing occupational radiation diseases. 85.7% of radiation disease diagnosis physicians knew the standard well, and they did not participate the training of the standard. 28.6% of the radiation disease diagnostic physicians considered that some parts of the standard was feasible, such as diagnostic basis and dose assessment principle in chapter 3, treatment principle in chapter 4. And some modifications was proposed. The awareness rate in radiological health supervisors was 60.0%, while the training rate was 35.0%. The application of the standard "General guideline for the diagnosis of occupational radioation diseases" was insufficient. The recognition accuracy of deterministic effect of ionizing radiation was 60.2%, and that of stochastic effect was 31.2%.Conclusion The competent department of health standards should strengthen the publicity and implementation training of the new standards and expand the application scope of the standards. Henan province needs to strengthen the construction of radioactive disease diagnosis institutions to achieve the coverage of diagnostic institutions.