中西部农村教师专业发展的危机与化解路径

Crisis Confronted by Rural Teachers in Their Professional Development and Its Resolution in the Central and Western China

农村教师专业发展是实现农村教育质量提升和教育精准扶贫的重要保障。当前,中西部农村教师专业发展陷入多重危机:多重社会生活压力恶化了教师的职业价值感,繁重的教学与管理任务加剧了教师的职业倦怠;对新课程改革和教师培训模式的不适应使教师丧失了专业自尊,教育环境的复杂趋势降低了教师的教育效能感,工具理性主义强化了农村教师的离职意向。从根本上化解中西部农村教师专业发展危机的路径有:深度转型农村教师专业发展的制度逻辑,建立公平而有质量的农村公共服务体系,推进农村教育治理体系和治理能力的现代化,构建农村教师专业发展模式的本土取向。

Rural teachers’ professional development is an important guarantee of improving the quality of rural education and the precise alleviation of poverty through education. Currently,rural teachers’ professional development in the central and western China is caught in multiple crises:multiple social life pressure has worsened teachers’ sense of professional value;heavy teaching and management tasks have aggravated teachers’ job burnout;the inadaptability to the new curriculum reform and teacher training mode has deprived teachers of professional self-esteem;the trend of complex educational environment has reducedteachers’ educational efficacy;and the instrumental rationalism has enhancedrural teachers’ intention of resignation. The ways of resolving the crisis rural teachers face in their professional development in the central and western China include: deeply transforming the institutional logic of rural teachers’ professional development;establishing the fair and high-quality rural public service system;promoting the modernization of rural education governance system and capacity;and constructing the local orientation of rural teachers’ professional development mode.