个体特征、学校组织氛围对教师离职倾向的影响研究——基于分层线性回归模型(HLM)的分析

Influence of Individual Characteristics and School Organization Atmosphere on Teachers’ Turnover Intention——Based on Analysis of Hierarchical Linear Model

基于中国教育追踪调查(CEPS)数据,运用分层线性回归模型,从个体特征和学校组织氛围两个层面探讨教师离职倾向的影响因素,结果表明:在个体特征层面上,教师在离职倾向上出现群体内分化,从教年龄与离职倾向表现出显著负向关系;学历越高,教师离职倾向越强;工作满意度与离职倾向呈现显著负相关。在学校组织氛围层面上,学校对教师的管理考核越严格,教师的离职倾向越强;学校的学习风气与离职倾向呈现显著负相关。从跨层次的调节作用看,学校管理考核促进了教师工作年限与离职倾向之间的正向关系。减少教师的流失,应创新学校内部管理规范,建立考核评比的约束制度,并高度重视学校学风建设,推进学校学习共同体的形成。

Based on the data of CEPS survey and using the HLM,a study was made of the factors influencing teachers’ turnover intention at two levels of individual characteristics and school organization atmosphere. Results show that at the level of individual characteristics,there appears the intra-group differentiation in teachers’ turnover intention,and there is a significant negative relationship between teaching age and turnover intention;the higher degree a teacher has,the stronger turnover intention is;and there is a significant negative relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention. At the level of school organization atmosphere,the more rigorous schools manage teachers,the strongerturnover intention is;and there is a significant negative relationship between learning atmosphere and turnover intention. From the perspective of cross-level regulating effect,school administrative management has promoted the positive relationship between teachers’ working years and turnover intention. In order to reduce the loss of junior middle school teachers,it is necessary to innovate the internal management norms of schools,establish a restraint system of assessment and evaluation,attach great importance to the construction of school style of study,and promote the formation of school learning community.