《大学衍义》满文翻译源流考

Study on the original translation of Manchu amba dacin jurgan be badarambuha bithe

在顺治、康熙、雍正时期,清廷大力推崇儒家文化,由皇家投入大量资金,以满译刊行《大学衍义》,除了皇帝学习典学以外,全国各类学校均用《大学衍义》,遂使成为科举考试命题用书之一。乾隆、嘉庆二帝则认为,该书仅讲修身齐家之理,未讲透治国平天下之道,帝王之学不同于儒生之学,朝廷没推行用新定满语从新翻译《大学衍义》工作。咸丰帝推崇《大学衍义》,下令编纂满汉合璧《大学衍义》之后,准许武英殿刷印,颁发于京师八旗和驻防八旗的八旗,推进八旗兵丁的儒家文化学习。

With great respect for Confucian culture in the period of emperor Shunzhi, Kangxi and Yongzheng’s Regime, the Qing government poured money into printing the translation of Manchu amba dacin jurgan be badarambuha bithe, which was not only for the empires but also for all kinds of schools, so the Manchu amba dacin jurgan be badarambuha bithe was the teaching materials of the imperial examination. In both Qianlong and Jiaqing empires’ opinions, this book just taught self-cultivating and family-regulating, not state-ordering, and knowledge for empires was different to knowledge for Confucians, so the Qing court did not translate the amba dacin jurgan be badarambuha bithe in Manchu language. Emperor Xianfeng thought amba dacin jurgan be badarambuha bithe was great and commanded to compose a new edition which was in comparison with both Chinese and Manchu. Then he also ordered Wuying Hall to print them and then issued them to the Eight Banners in Beijing and other military towns to improve these people’s studying in Confucian culture.