一种在结构工程中具有潜在应用前景的新型强迫运动装置

A novel forced motion apparatus with potential applications in structural engineering

目的:探究新型强迫振动装置在风工程领域的发展与应用。创新点:1.提出一种强迫振动装置,以实现多自由度耦合效应的非线性非平稳气运动,并探讨该装置的应用前景。2.该装置对运动形式无限制,且振幅及频率均可连续变化,因此所需最大驱动力不超过电机限值即可;不同运动形式在每个自由度上均可实现;对三个自由度之间的组合没有限制,单自由度、任意两自由度耦合和三自由度耦合均可。方法:1.为模拟不同形式的风振,基于比例-积分-微分(PID)控制算法开发一种强迫振动装置(FMA),并采用自主研发的强迫振动装置实现多自由度耦合的多种强迫振动运动方式。2.为满足气动建模的要求,采用强迫振动时域法对箱梁截面的颤振导数进行识别,包括单自由度、二自由度和三自由度等多种耦合形式,并与已有的研究结果进行比较,验证该强迫振动装置的准确性和可行性。3.根据强迫振动装置的特点分析其在风工程领域的应用以及未来的发展应用前景。结论:1.该强迫运动装置实现了各种运动类型,并通过试验验证了其运行精度;通过对箱梁截面颤振导数的识别和比较,验证了其在风工程领域应用的合理性。2.该装置还可用于处理其他结构工程领域的问题,如大跨桥梁的风-车-桥耦合问题、输电线塔的塔-线耦合振动问题、飞行物在特定旋转轨迹下的气动力问题和结构风致振动引起的桩-土共同作用等。

This paper reviews the development of forced motion apparatuses(FMAs) and their applications in wind engineering. A kind of FMA has been developed to investigate nonlinear and nonstationary aerodynamic forces considering the coupled effects of multiple degrees of freedom(DOFs). This apparatus can make section models to vibrate in a prescribed displacement defined by a numerical signal in time domain, including stationary and nonstationary movements with time-variant amplitudes and frequencies and even stochastic displacements. A series of validation tests show that the apparatus can re-illustrate various motions with enough precision in 3 D coupled states of two linear displacements and one torsional displacement. To meet the requirement of aerodynamic modeling, the flutter derivatives of a box girder section are identified, verifying its accuracy and feasibility by comparing with previously reported results. By simulating the nonstationary vibration with time-variant amplitude, the phenomena of frequency multiplication and memory effects are examined. In addition to studying the aerodynamics of a bluff body under large amplitudes and nonstationary vibrations, some potential applications of the proposed FMA are discussed in vehicle-bridge-wind dynamic analysis, pile-soil interaction, and line-tower coupled vibration aerodynamics in structural engineering.