历史对照研究危重症专职护理模式在超早早产儿早期护理中的应用效果

A Historical Control Study on the Application Effect of Full-time Nursing Mode for Critically Ill Infants in Early Nursing of Ultra-early Premature Infants

目的:探讨危重症专职护理模式在超早早产儿早期护理中的应用效果。方法:选择2014年11月~2019年8月我院收治的88例超早早产儿作为研究对象,其中2014年11月~2016年12月采用常规护理的42例作为对照组,2017年1月~2019年8月采用危重症专职护理的46例作为观察组,比较两组临床指标、生长发育指标及并发症发生率。结果:观察组使用呼吸机时间、达全肠道营养时间、住院时间,均少(低)于对照组(P<0.05);两组纠正胎龄40周时体质量、身高及头围均高于入院时(P<0.05);纠正胎龄40周时观察组体质量、身高及头围均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组护理后院内感染、喂养不耐受、颅内出血、视网膜病变及坏死性小肠结肠炎发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:危重症专职护理模式能促进超早早产儿生长发育,可降低患儿院内感染率,减少喂养不耐受、颅内出血、视网膜病变及坏死性小肠结肠炎发生率,缩短住院时间,减少家庭及社会负担,值得临床推广应用。

Objective: To explore the application effect of full-time critical care mode in early nursing of premature infants. Methods: 88 cases of premature infants admitted to our hospital from November 2014 to August 2019 were selected as the research object, of which 42 cases received routine care from November 2014 to December 2016 were taken as the control group, and 46 cases received intensive care from January 2017 to August 2019 were taken as the observation group. The clinical indexes, growth and development indexes and complication incidence rates of the two groups were compared. Results: The duration of ventilator, total intestinal nutrition and hospitalization in the observation group were less(lower)than those in the control group(P<0.05). The body mass, height and head circumference of the two groups at 40 weeks of corrected gestational age were higher than those at admission(P<0.05). The body mass, height and head circumference of the observation group were higher than those of the control group at 40 weeks of corrected gestational age(P<0.05). The incidence of backyard infection, feeding intolerance, intracranial hemorrhage, retinopathy and necrotizing enterocolitis in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Full-time critical care mode can promote the growth and development of premature infants, reduce the nosocomial infection rate of children, reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance, intracranial hemorrhage, retinopathy and necrotizing enterocolitis, shorten the hospitalization time and reduce the family and social burden, which is worthy of clinical application.