蛇床子炮制历史沿革对比研究及现代炮制研究进展

A Contrastive Study on Processing History Evolution and Modern Processing Research Progress of Shechuangzi(Fructus Cnidii)

目的:梳理蛇床子炮制历史演变沿革,总结其现代炮制研究进展,为临床合理选择炮制饮片提供文献参考。方法:检索《历代中药炮制资料辑要》、"中华医典"等古籍资料,梳理蛇床子炮制历史传承。通过《中国药典》、地方炮制规范等现代炮制规范和中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库中的相关文献,分析蛇床子现代炮制研究进展。结果:蛇床子炮制始见于南北朝刘宋·《雷公炮炙论》,此后历代均有传承和发展,共计有炮制方法20余种,而其现代炮制规范则基本统一为净制;蛇床子现代炮制研究则表明加热会导致有效成分蛇床子素的含量大幅度降低。结论:清及清以前,蛇床子炮制主要以辅料炮制和加热炮制为主,其可能是临床多内服的原因。而现代应用较多的是净制,其原因可能有二,一是现代临床多外用,二是加热会大幅度降低有效成分蛇床子素的含量。

Objective:To comb the history evolution of Shechuangzi(Fructus Cnidii),to summarize its modern processing,and to furnish a reference for an appropriate selection of clinical processed decoction pieces.Methods:This article is based on the historical literature,such as A Summary of Processing Materials of Chinese Herbs in Past Dynasties,Zhonghua Yidian,and modern data,such as People’s Republic of China Pharmacopoeia,local Chinese decoction pieces and CNKI,Wanfang database and VIP to analyze the research progress of modern processing.Results:The processing of Shechuangzi(Fructus Cnidii)was found in Leigong’s Treatise on Medicinal Herbs Preparation in the southern and northern dynasties.Since then,with a sustainable inheritance and development,there existed over 20 types of processings in total,while its modern processing standard was basically unified for the net system.The study of modern processing of Shechuangzi(Fructus Cnidii)illustrates that osthole,effective component of Shechuangzi(Fructus Cnidii),can be dramatic content reduced by heating.Conclusion:Excipient processing and heating processing of Shechuangzi(Fructus Cnidii)played a key role in the Qing Dynasty and before,which may be the cause of that Shechuangzi(Fructus Cnidii)was an internal medicine.The most popular application in modern times is cleansing,which may be caused by two reasons.One is an increasing external use in modern clinical practice,and the other is heating can decrease the content of osthole.