胰腺囊性病变的影像表现与临床特点(上)

Pancreatic cystic lesions: imaging findings and clinical features(Part 1)

胰腺囊性病变(PCL)是一大类胰腺上皮和间质组织发生囊腔病变的疾病,以胰腺内囊性包块为主要特征,具有不同的病因、临床和组织病理学特点。PCL种类繁多,根据其病因的不同,可分为外伤与炎症相关囊性病变、肿瘤性囊性病变、先天性囊性病变及其他囊性病变。充分认识其影像特征和相关临床特点是诊断与鉴别诊断的基础。影像检查对PCL的诊断和治疗后复查及随访具有重要价值。就胰腺炎症相关囊性病变、胰腺真性囊肿、胰腺囊性肿瘤等囊性病变的影像表现与临床特点予以阐述,以期为临床诊断与治疗提供重要依据。鉴于文章篇幅较长,分为3部分报道。本文为第一部分,主要介绍胰腺炎症相关囊性病变(包括胰腺假性囊肿与胰腺包裹性坏死)与胰腺真性囊肿(包括孤立性胰腺上皮囊肿、von Hippel-Lindau病、多囊肾和囊性纤维化)。

Pancreatic cystic lesions(PCLs) are a broad spectrum of diseases with cystic lesions in pancreatic epithelial and interstitial tissues, characterized by cystic mass, with various etiology, clinical and histopathological characteristics. According to the respective etiology, PCLs are divided into cystic lesions related to injury and inflammation,neoplastic lesions with cyst, congenitally cystic lesions and other cystic lesions.A comprehensive understanding for the imaging features and related clinical features of PCLs is the basis of diagnosis and differentiation. Radiological examination is of great value in the diagnosis, post-treatment evaluation and follow-up of PCLs. The imaging manifestations and clinical features of cystic lesions related to pancreatitis, pancreatic cysts and cystic tumors of pancreas were elaborated, in order to provide a significant basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cystic lesions.Due to the length limitation, our review is divided into three parts. This part introduces pancreatitis related cystic lesions including pancreatic pseudocyst and pancreatic encapsulated necrosis, and pancreatic true cysts consisting of isolated pancreatic epithelial cyst, von Hippel Lindau disease, polycystic kidney, and cystic fibrosis.