政策工具视角下体育强国政策分析

Powerful Sports Nation Policy Analysis Based on Perspective of Policy Instruments

体育强国政策工具是政府加快体育强国建设,促进体育事业健康、持续、快速发展而采取的具体手段和方式。采用内容分析法,按照构建政策分析框架、定义分析单元、编码归类、统计分析等步骤,从基本政策工具、体育强国建设主体和体育强国价值判断3个维度构建了三维分析框架,对我国《体育强国建设纲要》政策文本进行量化与分析。研究发现:体育强国政策中环境型政策工具使用过溢,需求型政策工具使用略显不足;政府主体占据主导地位,社会组织和企业主体供给面和需求面助推动力不足;重视群众体育、竞技体育和体育产业发展,学校体育缺乏必要关注。建议:适当降低环境型政策工具的使用频率,逐步加大需求型政策工具的使用强度;供给侧与需求侧两端同时发力,减小市场和社会组织参与阻力与顾虑;补齐体育强国建设短板,实现体育各项事业的均衡同步发展。

The policy tool of sports power is the concrete means and way adopted by the government to speed up the construction of sports power and promote the healthy,sustainable and rapid development of sports undertakings.Using content analysis method,according to the steps of building policy analysis framework,defining analysis unit,coding classification and statistical analysis,this paper constructs a three-dimensional analysis framework from 3 dimensions:basic policy tools,main body of building a strong sports country and value judgment of building a strong sports country,and quantifies and analyzes the policy text of the outline of building a strong sports country in China.The results show that the use of environmental policy tools is excessive,while the use of demand policy tools is slightly insufficient.The government plays a leading role,and the supply side and demand side of social organizations and enterprises are insufficient,attention is paid to the development of mass sports,competitive sports and physical education industry,and school sports lack of necessary attention.Suggestions:properly reduce the use frequency of environmental policy tools,and gradually increase the use intensity of demand policy tools;both sides of the supply side and the demand side work at the same time to reduce the resistance and concerns of market and social organization participation;supplement the short board of sports power construction,and realize the balanced and synchronous development of sports undertakings.