新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情不同时期血液透析护士压力负荷现状与职业获益感的差异研究

Study on the difference in stress load and professional benefit of hemodialysis nurses between different periods of coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情暴发期与缓解期血液透析护士压力负荷与职业获益感的现状,并探讨疫情不同时期血液透析护士压力负荷、职业获益感的差异。方法2020年2月选取四川省3所血液透析中心的119名血液透析护士作为研究对象,分别在2020年2月COVID-19疫情暴发期与2020年4月COVID-19疫情缓解期采用压力负荷量表与职业获益感量表进行问卷调查,采用配对t检验进行统计分析。结果共收回有效问卷109份。疫情暴发期和缓解期血液透析护士压力负荷得分分别为(3.00±1.26)、(2.17±1.16)分,其中事件负荷维度得分分别为(3.49±1.15)、(2.31±1.27)分,个体脆弱性维度得分分别为(2.59±1.19)、(2.05±1.06)分,疫情暴发期和缓解期血液透析护士职业获益感得分分别为(4.19±0.83)、(4.21±0.78)分,血液透析护士在疫情暴发期与缓解期的压力负荷差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),职业获益感差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论COVID-19疫情暴发期血液透析护士压力负荷处于中等水平,COVID-19疫情缓解期血液透析护士压力负荷处于偏低水平,疫情暴发期和缓解期护士职业获益感均处于偏高水平,疫情不同时期血液透析护士的压力负荷现状存在差异,应采取鼓励机制或针对性的心理干预措施,提高护士的职业获益水平。

Objective To investigate the current situation of stress load and professional benefit of hemodialysis nurses during the outbreak period and the remission period of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic,and discuss the differences in stress load and professional benefit of hemodialysis nurses between the two periods.Methods In February 2020,119 hemodialysis nurses from three hemodialysis centers in Sichuan Province were selected as the respondents.Using the Stress Overload Scale and the Questionnaire of Nurses’Perceived Professional Benefits,questionnaire survey was conducted in February 2020 and April 2020,respectively.Paired-sample t test was used for analysis.Results A total of 109 valid questionnaires were collected.The scores of stress load of hemodialysis nurses in outbreak period and remission stage were 3.00±1.26 and 2.17±1.16,respectively,of which the scores of event load dimension were 3.49±1.15 and 2.31±1.27,respectively,and the scores of individual vulnerability dimension were2.59±1.19 and 2.05±1.06,respectively;the professional benefit scores of hemodialysis nurses in outbreak and remission were 4.19±0.83 and 4.21±0.78,respectively.The difference in stress load of the same group of hemodialysis nurses between different time periods was statistically significant(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in professional benefit(P>0.05).Conclusions During the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic,the stress load of hemodialysis nurses was at a medium level,and that in the remission stage of COVID-19 epidemic was at a low level;the professional benefit of nurses in the outbreak and remission period was at a high level.The stress load status of hemodialysis nurses was different between different periods of the epidemic.We should take incentive mechanism or targeted psychological intervention measures to improve the professional benefit level of nurses.